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DNA Structure and Replication Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following represents the correct order of components in a nucleotide?

Phosphate, Base, Sugar

Phosphate, Sugar, Base

Sugar, Base, Phosphate (correct)

Base, Sugar, Phosphate

Which of the following pairs represents purine bases?

Cytosine and Thymine

Guanine and Adenine (correct)

Adenine and Cytosine

Adenine and Thymine

During DNA replication, which tautomeric shift can lead to base-pairing errors?

Keto-Enol Tautomerism (correct)

Lactam-Lactim Tautomerism

Imine-Amide Tautomerism

Enamine-Imine Tautomerism

What type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the helical structure of DNA?

Hydrogen Bond (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for proofreading and correcting errors during DNA replication?

DNA Polymerase (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a non-Watson-Crick base pair with guanine in DNA?

Uracil (A) Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, which strand is synthesized discontinuously in the 5' to 3' direction?

Lagging Strand (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine (G) and cytosine (C) in DNA?

Three (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which tautomeric shift during DNA replication can lead to base-pairing errors?

Keto-Enol Tautomerism (A) Signup and view all the answers

In RNA, what base pairs with thymine?

Uracil (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a transversion mutation?

Substitution of a pyrimidine with a purine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a missense mutation?

The protein has a different amino acid sequence (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a frameshift mutation?

It alters the reading frame, leading to a completely different protein (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following oxidative lesions is commonly repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway?

8-oxoguanine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a nonsense mutation?

The protein is shortened prematurely (D) Signup and view all the answers