DNA Structure and Replication Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following represents the correct order of components in a nucleotide?

  • Phosphate, Base, Sugar
  • Phosphate, Sugar, Base
  • Sugar, Base, Phosphate (correct)
  • Base, Sugar, Phosphate

Which of the following pairs represents purine bases?

  • Cytosine and Thymine
  • Guanine and Adenine (correct)
  • Adenine and Cytosine
  • Adenine and Thymine

During DNA replication, which tautomeric shift can lead to base-pairing errors?

  • Keto-Enol Tautomerism (correct)
  • Lactam-Lactim Tautomerism
  • Imine-Amide Tautomerism
  • Enamine-Imine Tautomerism

What type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the helical structure of DNA?

<p>Hydrogen Bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for proofreading and correcting errors during DNA replication?

<p>DNA Polymerase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a non-Watson-Crick base pair with guanine in DNA?

<p>Uracil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, which strand is synthesized discontinuously in the 5' to 3' direction?

<p>Lagging Strand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine (G) and cytosine (C) in DNA?

<p>Three (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tautomeric shift during DNA replication can lead to base-pairing errors?

<p>Keto-Enol Tautomerism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In RNA, what base pairs with thymine?

<p>Uracil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a transversion mutation?

<p>Substitution of a pyrimidine with a purine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a missense mutation?

<p>The protein has a different amino acid sequence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a frameshift mutation?

<p>It alters the reading frame, leading to a completely different protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following oxidative lesions is commonly repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway?

<p>8-oxoguanine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a nonsense mutation?

<p>The protein is shortened prematurely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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