7 Questions
What is the main component of chromosomes?
Histones
What is the approximate length of DNA in a human cell?
2 meters and 182 centimeters
Which bases are considered purine bases in DNA?
Adenine and guanine
What is the function of hydrogen bonds in DNA?
Maintain the double helix structure
What happens during denaturation of DNA?
Disruption of hydrogen bonds
Which component is NOT part of DNA's composition?
Histones
How do adenine and guanine pair up in DNA?
In a specific way
Study Notes
- Chromosomes are made up of tightly packed structures called chromatin, which consists of a large amount of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones.
- DNA stores genetic information that is passed down from parents to offspring, determining the identity of all living organisms.
- The length of DNA in a human cell is approximately 2 meters and 182 centimeters, making it a large molecule that needs to be tightly packed around histones.
- DNA is composed of three components: deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine), and phosphate groups.
- Adenine and guanine are purine bases, while thymine and cytosine are pyrimidine bases, and they always pair up in a specific way in DNA molecules.
- Hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases are crucial for maintaining the structure of DNA molecules and are formed due to the electronegativity of atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, and fluorine.
- Denaturation of DNA involves separating the double helix structure by disrupting hydrogen bonds, resulting in two separate DNA strands, with one being more difficult to denature based on the number of specific nitrogen bases present in it.
Test your knowledge on the structure and function of DNA, including chromatin, genetic information storage, DNA components, nitrogen bases pairing, hydrogen bonds, and denaturation process.
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