32 Questions
What is the role of complementary base pairing in DNA?
Maintains the constant diameter of the DNA helix
Which type of DNA has a left-handed twist in the helix?
Z-DNA
What holds base pairs together in DNA?
Hydrogen bonds
In which type of organism is DNA wrapped around proteins called histones?
Eukaryotes
What is the distance between adjacent bases in the DNA helix?
~3.4 angstroms
Which type of DNA is found within cells and is highly hydrated?
B-DNA
What allows DNA to be packaged up in prokaryotes?
Circular and supercoiled structure
What contributes to the constant diameter of the DNA helix?
Complementary base pairing
What is the structural difference between uracil and thymine?
Presence of CH3 group on thymine
Which bases are considered pyrimidines in DNA?
Thymine and Cytosine
Which of the following describes nucleosides?
Bases bonded to the sugar via beta-glycosidic linkage
What are the building blocks of DNA called?
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (DNTPs)
How are nucleotides joined together in DNA?
Via phosphodiester bonds
Why does the sequence of bases in DNA go from 5’ to 3’?
Due to the presence of free OH group on the 5’ carbon of the pentose sugar
What is the structure of DNA polymer?
Double helix
How are the two strands of DNA oriented with respect to each other?
Anti-parallel
DNA is a polymer made up of nucleotides.
True
The sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA remains constant along the length of the polymer.
True
Thymine and cytosine are pyrimidines.
True
The structural difference between uracil and thymine is the CH3 group attached to thymine.
True
Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (DNTPs) are the building blocks of RNA.
False
Nucleotides are joined together via phosphodiester bonds which require ATP.
False
The strands of DNA are oriented in a parallel manner.
False
DNA polymer forms a single helix structure.
False
DNA's sugar-phosphate backbone is located on the inside while the bases are on the outside.
False
Z-DNA is a highly hydrated form of DNA with a left-handed twist in the helix.
False
A purine always pairs with another purine in the DNA double helix.
False
Complementary base pairing in DNA is achieved through the formation of hydrogen bonds.
True
The ratio of A:T and C:G is similar in nearly all organisms, supporting the theory of complementary base pairing.
True
Circular DNA molecules can be found in eukaryotic cells and are essential for DNA packaging.
False
B-DNA, A-DNA, and Z-DNA are all different structural forms of DNA.
True
Histones are proteins that DNA is wrapped around in prokaryotic organisms.
False
Test your knowledge of DNA structure and composition with this quiz. Explore the components of nucleotides, the differences between DNA and RNA, and the key characteristics of purines and pyrimidines.
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