21 Questions
What was the significance of Frederick Griffith's experiment in 1928?
Demonstrated the transformation principle where traits could be passed between bacteria
What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase show in their 1952 experiment?
DNA is the genetic material of T2 phages
In the viral studies discussed, what is the role of bacteriophages in cells?
Infect cells and take over their metabolism for reproduction
What did Thomas Hunt Morgan show in 1911 regarding genes and chromosomes?
Connection between genes and chromosomes
What did the experiment with Radioactive sulfur (35S) in phage protein demonstrate?
Radioactive protein in phage particles
How did living S cells and R cells react in Griffith's experiment when mixed together?
R cells transformed into S cells
What did Erwin Chargaff's 1950 report on DNA composition reveal?
DNA composition varies from species to species
Which pair of nucleotides form hydrogen bonds with each other in DNA?
Guanine and Cytosine
What did the experiments by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl support regarding DNA replication?
Semi-conservative model
Which statement accurately describes DNA replication?
Daughter strands are built based on specific base-pairing rules
What is a key feature of DNA that made it a credible candidate as genetic material?
Diversity of DNA composition
How many origins of replication can eukaryotic chromosomes have?
Hundreds of origins
During transcription, how does RNA polymerase move along the DNA?
Unwinding the double helix 10 to 20 bases at a time
In eukaryotes, at what rate does RNA polymerase progress during transcription?
40 nucleotides per second
What happens during the termination of transcription in bacteria?
Polymerase stops at the end of the terminator
What is the function of ribozymes in RNA processing?
Catalyze RNA splicing processes
What is the role of introns and exons in RNA splicing?
Introns are noncoding stretches removed during splicing, while exons are coding regions
What is added to the 5' end of mRNA during eukaryotic modification of RNA?
GTP cap
Which structure is responsible for removing introns during RNA processing?
Spliceosomes
How do alterations at the ends of mRNA molecules help in cellular processes?
Alterations facilitate mRNA export and protect mRNA from enzymes
What is the primary purpose of polyadenylation in mRNA processing?
Protection of mRNA from degradation by enzymes
Explore the evidence supporting DNA as the genetic material and the development of the structural model of DNA in the 1950s. Learn about the contributions of scientists such as Erwin Chargaff, Watson and Crick, Pauling, and Franklin and Wilkins.
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