DNA as Genetic Material and Structural Model

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Questions and Answers

What was the significance of Frederick Griffith's experiment in 1928?

  • Demonstrated the transformation principle where traits could be passed between bacteria (correct)
  • Proved the connection between genes and chromosomes
  • Provided evidence that viruses are made up mostly of nucleic acids and proteins
  • Showed that DNA is the genetic material of T2 phages

What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase show in their 1952 experiment?

  • Proteins are responsible for genetic inheritance
  • Sulfur is found in phage DNA
  • RNA is more abundant in viruses than DNA
  • DNA is the genetic material of T2 phages (correct)

In the viral studies discussed, what is the role of bacteriophages in cells?

  • Infect cells and take over their metabolism for reproduction (correct)
  • Maintain cellular homeostasis
  • Regulate cell division
  • Produce new cells

What did Thomas Hunt Morgan show in 1911 regarding genes and chromosomes?

<p>Connection between genes and chromosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the experiment with Radioactive sulfur (35S) in phage protein demonstrate?

<p>Radioactive protein in phage particles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did living S cells and R cells react in Griffith's experiment when mixed together?

<p>R cells transformed into S cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Erwin Chargaff's 1950 report on DNA composition reveal?

<p>DNA composition varies from species to species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of nucleotides form hydrogen bonds with each other in DNA?

<p>Guanine and Cytosine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the experiments by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl support regarding DNA replication?

<p>Semi-conservative model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes DNA replication?

<p>Daughter strands are built based on specific base-pairing rules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of DNA that made it a credible candidate as genetic material?

<p>Diversity of DNA composition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many origins of replication can eukaryotic chromosomes have?

<p>Hundreds of origins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During transcription, how does RNA polymerase move along the DNA?

<p>Unwinding the double helix 10 to 20 bases at a time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In eukaryotes, at what rate does RNA polymerase progress during transcription?

<p>40 nucleotides per second (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the termination of transcription in bacteria?

<p>Polymerase stops at the end of the terminator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ribozymes in RNA processing?

<p>Catalyze RNA splicing processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of introns and exons in RNA splicing?

<p>Introns are noncoding stretches removed during splicing, while exons are coding regions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is added to the 5' end of mRNA during eukaryotic modification of RNA?

<p>GTP cap (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for removing introns during RNA processing?

<p>Spliceosomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do alterations at the ends of mRNA molecules help in cellular processes?

<p>Alterations facilitate mRNA export and protect mRNA from enzymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of polyadenylation in mRNA processing?

<p>Protection of mRNA from degradation by enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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