Division I - Thallophyta

10 Questions

What is the main characteristic that defines plants in the Thallophyta division?

Autotrophic nature due to chlorophyll despite lacking specific plant parts

Why are Bryophytes referred to as the 'amphibians' of the plant kingdom?

They need water for reproduction but can grow in moist soil

Which of the following statements is true about algae?

Algae can be found in both fresh water and saline water environments

How do bryophytes like Moss differ from higher plants in terms of their structure?

Bryophytes possess a flat, ribbon-like body lacking true roots, stems, and leaves

Why are fungi like yeasts and molds included in the Thallophyta division?

Due to their lack of chlorophyll despite being autotrophic

What is the common method of reproduction in plants belonging to the Thallophyta, Bryophyta, and Pteridophyta groups?

Spore formation

What distinguishing feature do plants of the Pteridophyta division have that separates them from the Thallophyta group?

Conducting system for food and water

Which characteristic is shared by all the plants mentioned in the text, regardless of their specific group?

Spore formation for reproduction

What is the distinctive method of reproduction seen in plants of the Bryophyta division?

Spore formation

Which group of plants are referred to as cryptogams according to the text?

Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Study Notes

Observing Plant Cells

Under a compound microscope, observe the spirally arranged green thread-like chloroplasts in the cells of Spirogyra.

Characteristics of Pteridophyta

Plants in this group have well-developed roots, stem, and leaves, and separate tissues for conduction of food and water.
They do not bear flowers and fruits.
They reproduce with the help of spores formed along the back or posterior surface of their leaves.
Examples include ferns, Nephrolepis, Marsilea, Pteris, Adiantum, Equisetum, Selaginella, and Lycopodium.

Characteristics of Bryophyta

Plants in this group reproduce by spore formation.
They are called cryptogams as their reproductive organs cannot be seen.
They have a flat, ribbon-like long structure without true roots, stem, and leaves.
Instead, they have stem-like or leaf-like parts and root-like rhizoids.
Examples include Moss (Funaria), Marchantia, Anthoceros, and Riccia.

Characteristics of Thallophyta

Plants in this group grow mainly in water.
They do not have specific parts like root-stem-leaves-flowers.
They are autotrophic due to the presence of chlorophyll.
Examples include algae, Spirogyra, Ulothrix, Ulva, and Sargassum.
They may be unicellular or multicellular, and microscopic or large.