Dividend Payout Ratio Calculation

Dividend Payout Ratio

• The dividend payout ratio is the percentage of a company's earnings distributed to shareholders in the form of dividends.
• Formula: (Total Dividends / Net Income) * 100%
• A high dividend payout ratio indicates that a large portion of the company's earnings is being distributed to shareholders, leaving less for reinvestment in the business.
• A low dividend payout ratio suggests that the company is retaining more of its earnings to reinvest in growth opportunities or to build up reserves.

Share Repurchase

• A share repurchase is a transaction whereby a company buys back its own shares from the marketplace.
• Reasons for share repurchases include:
  • Reducing the cost of capital
  • Ownership consolidation
  • Preserving stock prices
  • Undervaluation
  • Boosting key financial ratios
• Share repurchases reduce the number of outstanding shares, which can drive up share prices.
• Share repurchases fill the gap between excess capital and dividends, allowing the business to return more to shareholders without locking into a pattern.

Advantages of Share Repurchases

• A share repurchase shows the corporation believes its shares are undervalued and is an efficient method of putting money back in shareholders' pockets.
• Share repurchases reduce the number of existing shares, making each worth a greater percentage of the corporation.
• The stock's EPS increases, which means the price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) will decrease, assuming the stock price remains the same.

Disadvantages of Share Repurchases

• A criticism of buybacks is that they are often ill-timed, with companies buying back shares when they have plenty of cash or during a period of financial health.

How Share Repurchases Work

• Share repurchases take place when companies decide to buy back their stock from the open market or directly from investors.
• After repurchase, the shares are canceled or held as treasury shares, so they are no longer held publicly and are not outstanding.
• Share repurchases impact a company's financial statements in various ways, including:
  • Reducing available cash, reflected on the balance sheet as a reduction by the amount spent on the buyback.
  • Reducing the total assets of the business, improving metrics such as return on assets, return on equity, and others.

Reasons for Share Repurchases

• Reducing the number of shares means earnings per share (EPS) can grow more quickly as revenue and cash flow increase.
• If the business pays out the same amount of total money to shareholders annually in dividends and the total number of shares decreases, each shareholder receives a larger annual dividend.