Dive into Down Syndrome
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a typical clinical feature of a floppy baby syndrome?

  • Hypertonia
  • Motor developmental delay (correct)
  • Normal posture
  • Normal resistance to passive movement
  • What is the main cause of a floppy infant syndrome?

  • Dysmorphic facies
  • Lower motor neuron lesion (correct)
  • Upper motor neuron lesion
  • Myopathy
  • Why is it important to establish a diagnosis in a floppy infant?

  • To determine the prognosis
  • To develop management and treatment strategies
  • To provide genetic counseling
  • All of the above (correct)
  • Which one of the following is a term used in dysmorphology to describe the abnormal development or growth of a group of tissues, organs, or cells?

    <p>Dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a risk factor for Down syndrome?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a component of adequate history taking in a clinical approach to dysmorphology?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a physical examination component in dysmorphology?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of DiGeorge syndrome?

    <p>Cleft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common genetic disorder with an incidence of 1 in 650 live births?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Down syndrome is associated with an extra part or a whole extra chromosome 21 translocated to a different chromosome?

    <p>Translocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of Patau syndrome?

    <p>1 in 15,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of a floppy infant?

    <p>Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of motor neuron lesion is characterized by profound hypotonia, proximal weakness, and tongue fasciculations?

    <p>Lower Motor Neuron Lesions (LMN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is commonly associated with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)?

    <p>SMN1 gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is not typically associated with a floppy infant?

    <p>Glycogen storage disease - Pompe's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of a floppy baby syndrome?

    <p>Reduced resistance to passive movement of joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a risk factor for a floppy baby syndrome?

    <p>Grip or Percussion myotonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a typical clinical feature of a floppy baby syndrome?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a method used for diagnosis in dysmorphology?

    <p>Cytogenetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a risk factor for Down syndrome?

    <p>Parental ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a term used in dysmorphology to describe a cluster of malformations with a recognizable pattern?

    <p>Sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a component of adequate history taking in a clinical approach to dysmorphology?

    <p>Exposures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT a cause of a floppy infant?

    <p>Cerebral palsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is commonly associated with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)?

    <p>SMN1 gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common genetic disorder with an incidence of 1 in 650 live births?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Down syndrome is associated with an extra part or a whole extra chromosome 21 translocated to a different chromosome?

    <p>Translocation Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of DiGeorge syndrome?

    <p>Pulmonary stenosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common genetic disorder with an incidence of 1 in 650 live births?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of Down syndrome is associated with an extra part or a whole extra chromosome 21 translocated to a different chromosome?

    <p>Translocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of Patau syndrome?

    <p>1 in 15,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of a floppy baby syndrome?

    <p>Hypotonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a cause of a floppy infant syndrome?

    <p>Cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of establishing a diagnosis in a floppy infant?

    <p>To guide management and treatment strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of Turner syndrome?

    <p>Webbed neck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a typical clinical feature of Patau syndrome?

    <p>Polydactyly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of Noonan syndrome?

    <p>Downward slant eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a risk factor for DiGeorge syndrome?

    <p>Ear defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for Down syndrome?

    <p>Twinning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a term used in dysmorphology to describe a cluster of malformations with a recognizable pattern?

    <p>Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a physical examination component in dysmorphology?

    <p>Anthropometric measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mainstay of diagnosis in dysmorphology?

    <p>Cytogenetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a cause of a 'strong' floppy infant?

    <p>Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a cause of a 'weak' floppy infant?

    <p>Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)?

    <p>Profound hypotonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a typical clinical feature of a 'strong' floppy infant?

    <p>Poor swallowing and feeding difficulties</p> Signup and view all the answers

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