Distributed Systems Consistency and Atomic Commit Protocols Quiz

In a non-linearizable system, what can be used to ensure partial causality?

What is the effect of serializability and recoverability in a distributed system?

What happens when a nested transaction commits in the two-phase commit protocol?

What action does P2 need to take in the given scenario to commit?

What is used to ensure a system is totally ordered and causally consistent?

What causes an operation to be completed at all participants or at none in a distributed system?

What does the two-phase commit protocol check before committing a top-level transaction?

What does P2 send to all processors in the given scenario?

What does the transaction coordinator do upon receiving 3 'Yes' responses?

What happens to the nodes that ran unsuccessful descendants in the two-phase commit protocol?

In the context of distributed systems, what is the purpose of linearizability?

What is the key aspect of eventual consistency in distributed systems?

Which type of systems are prone to faults and unreliable behavior in distributed systems?

What is the role of IPFS in the context of distributed systems?

Which concept is essential to maintain consistency in a replicated database?

What is the primary focus of the tour D‘Horizon on Distributed Systems?

What does the term 'knowledge, truth, lies' refer to in the context of distributed systems?

What is the main purpose of encoding data in language-specific formats like JSON, XML, and Binary?

What is the goal of the Consistency and Consensus section in Distributed Systems?

In the context of distributed systems, what is the significance of faults in unreliable networks and clocks?

Which property ensures that all replicas of a database will show consistent and up-to-date data when no writes are performed?

What is the crucial property for ensuring the ACID principle in distributed databases?

Which protocol involves a prepare phase where entities respond with their willingness to commit, and a commit phase where the coordinator sends commit messages if all entities agree?

Which system ensures that the last read operation on a single register or object returns the most up-to-date value based on global time?

In a distributed system, what is crucial to ensure that atomic operations are fully completed or aborted, reflecting the new value immediately?

What is crucial for ensuring strict serializability, especially in domains such as finance, booking/reservation, and e-commerce?

Which protocol involves a single authoritative entity and four entities (Client, TC, Bank A, Bank B) to ensure a transaction's success or failure?

What is stronger than causal consistency but not the only way to ensure causality in a distributed system?

Which property ensures that all nodes agree on the outcome of a transaction, providing correctness and liveness?

What ensures that all transactions are seen in the same order for consistency in a distributed system?

Order and causality do not matter to keep consistency in distributed systems

Eventual consistency ensures that all replicas of a database will show consistent and up-to-date data when no writes are performed

Linearizability guarantees that all transactions are seen in the same order for consistency in a distributed system

Unreliable Communication Systems are not prone to faults and unreliable behavior in distributed systems

The role of IPFS in the context of distributed systems is to provide a decentralized method for storing and accessing data

The goal of the Consistency and Consensus section in Distributed Systems is to explore guarantees, linearizability, and ordering to ensure correctness and liveness in distributed systems

In a distributed system, the consistency and consensus of data are not crucial for maintaining the system's reliability and correctness

The Unreliable Networks and Clocks in distributed systems do not contribute to potential faults and unreliable behavior

Language-specific formats like JSON, XML, and Binary are not used to encode data in distributed systems

Faults, unreliable networks, and clocks have no significance in the context of distributed systems

Timestamps can be used to ensure partial causality in non-linearizable systems.

Locks and a transaction coordinator can be used to ensure a system totally ordered and causally consistent.

The act of making different entities work together in a distributed system for a goal or effect is an effect of serializability and recoverability.

In the two-phase commit protocol, when a nested transaction commits, it reports its status and the status of its descendants to its parent.

P2 needs 3 'Yes' from others to commit in the given scenario.

In the given scenario, P2 sends 'status' request to all processors.

In the given scenario, the transaction coordinator receives 4/5 'Yes' responses and sends 'commit' to 4 processors and 'abort' to the remaining one.

The two-phase commit protocol is used to ensure that an operation is completed at all participants or at none.

In the given scenario, the transaction coordinator receives 3/5 'Yes' responses and sends 'abort' to all processors.

In a distributed system, linearizability ensures that all replicas of a database will show consistent and up-to-date data when no writes are performed.

Linearizability ensures that all replicas of a database will show consistent and up-to-date data when no writes are performed

A system is linearizable if the last read operation on a single register or object returns the most up-to-date value based on global time

Linearizability is stronger than causal consistency but not the only way to ensure causality

Atomic commit protocols are crucial for ensuring the ACID principle (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) in distributed databases

The one-phase commit (1PC) protocol involves a single authoritative entity (Transaction Coordinator) and four entities (Client, TC, Bank A, Bank B) to ensure a transaction's success or failure

Without a coordinator and enforcing locks, there are no guarantees that transactions will execute in the correct order, and ordering preserves causality when a transaction coordinator is not present

A linearizable system returns the most recent value of a write, whereas a serialized system concerns the execution order of operations, and it is possible to achieve linearizability with a strict lock or coordinator

Linearizability and serializability are crucial for ensuring strict serializability, especially in domains such as finance, booking/reservation, and e-commerce, but may have drawbacks regarding performance and availability

Linearizability allows a distributed system to behave like a centralized system, providing the most up-to-date value for read operations

Desirable properties of an atomic commit include correctness and liveness, ensuring that all nodes agree on the outcome of a transaction

What are some examples of language-specific formats used in distributed systems for encoding data?

What is the concept of eventual consistency in distributed systems?

Why does order and causality matter to keep consistency in distributed systems?

What are some aspects of Consistency and Consensus in Distributed Systems?

What is the main goal of the Consistency and Consensus section in Distributed Systems?

What is the significance of faults in unreliable networks and clocks in distributed systems?

How does linearizability ensure consistency in a distributed system?

What is the role of IPFS in the context of distributed systems?

What is the purpose of encoding data in language-specific formats like JSON, XML, and Binary in distributed systems?

What is the key aspect of eventual consistency in distributed systems?

Explain the concept of linearizability and its significance in distributed systems.

What are the desirable properties of an atomic commit protocol and why are they crucial in distributed databases?

Describe the two-phase commit (2PC) protocol and its role in ensuring transaction success or failure.

Why is it crucial to ensure that atomic operations are fully completed or aborted in a distributed system?

Differentiate between linearizability and serializability, and explain their significance in maintaining consistency in distributed systems.

What is the role of a coordinator in the one-phase commit (1PC) protocol, and how does it ensure transaction success or failure?

Discuss the importance of atomic commit protocols in ensuring the ACID principle in distributed databases, and elaborate on the desirable properties of these protocols.

Explain the concept of causality in distributed systems and its relationship to linearizability and serializability.

How can a distributed system achieve linearizability, and what are the potential methods for ensuring it?

Discuss the challenges and benefits of linearizability and serializability in distributed systems, especially in domains such as finance, booking/reservation, and e-commerce.

What is the relationship between timestamps and partial causality in non-linearizable systems?

How can locks and a transaction coordinator ensure system total ordering and causal consistency?

What is the effect of serializability and recoverability in a distributed system?

What are the potential failures in a distributed system involving a Transaction Coordinator (TC)?

What happens when a nested transaction commits in the two-phase commit protocol?

In the given scenario, what does P2 need to commit?

What is the significance of the transaction coordinator receiving 3/5 'Yes' responses in the given scenario?

How does a linearizable system ensure consistency in a distributed database?

What is the goal of the Consistency and Consensus section in Distributed Systems?

What is the purpose of timestamps in non-linearizable systems?

Consistency and Consensus in Distributed Systems are important for maintaining the system's ______ and ______

In a replicated database, any two replicas of an object might return different values due to ______

Eventual consistency ensures that eventually, all replicas of a database will show ______ and up-to-date data when no writes are performed

Order and causality matters to keep ______ in distributed systems

The tour D‘Horizon on Distributed Systems covers language-specific formats such as ______, XML, Binary, and ASN.1

Unreliable Communication Systems in distributed systems involve faults, unreliable networks, and ______

Linearizability ensures that all replicas of a database will show consistent and up-to-date data when no ______ are performed

The primary focus of the Consistency and Consensus section in Distributed Systems is to provide ______ and ______

The act of making different entities work together in a distributed system for a goal or effect is an effect of ______ and ______

The goal of the Consistency and Consensus section in Distributed Systems is to ensure correctness and ______ of data

An effect of serializability and recoverability in a distributed system is ____________

Whenever a nested transaction commits, it reports its status and the status of its descendants to its parent. Therefore, when a transaction enters the committed state, it has a correct list of its committed descendants. Therefore, when the top-level transaction starts the two-phase commit protocol, its list of committed descendants is correct. It checks the descendants and makes sure they can still commit or must abort. There may be nodes that ran unsuccessful descendants which are not included in the two-phase commit protocol. These will discover the outcome by querying the top-level transaction. This process ensures ____________

In the two-phase commit protocol, when a nested transaction commits, it reports its status and the status of its descendants to its parent. Therefore, when a transaction enters the committed state, it has a correct list of its committed descendants. Therefore, when the top-level transaction starts the two-phase commit protocol, its list of committed descendants is correct. It checks the descendants and makes sure they can still commit or must abort. There may be nodes that ran unsuccessful descendants which are not included in the two-phase commit protocol. These will discover the outcome by querying the top-level transaction. This process ensures ____________

In the given scenario, the transaction coordinator receives 4/5 'Yes' responses and sends 'commit' to 4 processors and 'abort' to the remaining one. This demonstrates the importance of ensuring ____________ in distributed systems

The act of making different entities work together in a distributed system for a goal or effect is an effect of serializability and recoverability. This demonstrates the importance of ____________ in distributed systems

Linearizability guarantees that all transactions are seen in the same order for ____________ in a distributed system

In a non-linearizable system, ____________ can be used to ensure partial causality

Timestamps can be used to ensure partial causality in ____________ systems

In the context of distributed systems, ____________ ensures that the last read operation on a single register or object returns the most up-to-date value based on global time

In the context of distributed systems, what is the significance of the transaction coordinator receiving 3/5 'Yes' responses in the given scenario? It demonstrates the need for ____________ in ensuring transaction success or failure

What does P2 send to all processors in the given scenario? P2 sends 'status' request to all processors, demonstrating the need for ____________ in the distributed system

______ ensures that all replicas of a database will show consistent and up-to-date data when no writes are performed

It allows a distributed system to behave like a centralized system, providing the most up-to-date value for read operations

A system is linearizable if the last read operation on a single register or object returns the most up-to-date value based on global time

______ is stronger than causal consistency but not the only way to ensure causality

______ are crucial for ensuring the ACID principle (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) in distributed databases

Desirable properties of an ______ include correctness and liveness, ensuring that all nodes agree on the outcome of a transaction

The ______ protocol involves a single authoritative entity (Transaction Coordinator) and four entities (Client, TC, Bank A, Bank B) to ensure a transaction's success or failure

The ______ protocol involves a prepare phase where A and B respond with their willingness to commit, and a commit phase where the TC sends commit messages if both agree

In a distributed system, it is crucial to ensure that ______ are fully completed or aborted, reflecting the new value immediately, and ensuring that all transactions are seen in the same order for consistency

Without a ______, there are no guarantees that transactions will execute in the correct order, and ordering preserves causality when a transaction coordinator is not present

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