Distillation Process

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What is the primary purpose of adding anti-bumping granules to the flask during distillation?

To separate the non-volatile solutes from the solution
To enhance the condensation of vapour
To prevent the solution from boiling violently (correct)
To increase the boiling point of the solvent

What is the primary difference between distillation and sublimation?

Distillation involves the separation of mixtures, while sublimation involves the purification of a single compound
Distillation involves heating, while sublimation involves cooling
Distillation involves the change of state from solid to liquid, while sublimation involves the change of state from solid to vapour
Distillation involves the change of state from liquid to vapour, while sublimation involves the change of state from solid to vapour (correct)

What is the purpose of the thermometer in the distillation apparatus?

To monitor the temperature of the escaping vapour (correct)
To separate the non-volatile solutes from the solution
To measure the volume of the distillate
To control the heating rate of the solution

Why is distillation an important process in industry?

Because it is a widely used method for separating mixtures (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fractional distillation?

To separate a mixture of two compounds with different boiling points (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of the non-volatile solutes during the distillation process?

They remain in the evaporating dish (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a fractioning column in fractional distillation?

To provide a large surface area for the repeated condensation and vaporization of the mixture (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for using a separating funnel in solvent extraction?

To separate the organic product from the aqueous solution (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cooling a hot concentrated solution during crystallization?

To decrease the solubility of the solute (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using non-aqueous solvents in solvent extraction?

They are more suitable for extracting organic products (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of forming crystals from a hot concentrated solution?

Crystallization (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gently heating a solution during solvent extraction?

To make the solution more concentrated (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solubility of most solids when the temperature increases?

It increases (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a centrifuge in separating a solid-liquid mixture?

To separate the denser solid from the liquid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a hot concentrated solution is cooled?

The excess solute separates out as crystals (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of filtration in separating a solid-liquid mixture?

To separate the solid from the liquid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the solvent in a solution evaporates?

The solution becomes more concentrated (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of slow evaporation of a solution at room temperature?

Crystallization occurs in days or weeks (C) Signup and view all the answers