18 Questions
What is the primary driver of the concentration gradient in the interstitium of the thick ascending limb?
Na+Cl- reabsorption
Which of the following statements is true about the counter-current multiplier mechanism?
It is a continuous process that can be envisioned as two independent processes.
What is the role of the basolateral Na+/K+-ATPase in the thick ascending limb?
To maintain the low intracellular Na+ concentration
What percentage of sodium is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule?
65%
What is the primary function of the macula densa in the distal convoluted tubule?
To contact the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus
What is the primary mechanism of H2O reabsorption in the thick ascending limb?
Osmosis-driven transport through the apical membrane
What is the primary function of the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle?
Creation of a concentration gradient
What is the role of the basolateral Na+/K+-ATPase in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
Generation of a Na+ gradient
What is the effect of aldosterone on the abundance of ENaC channels in the distal convoluted tubule?
It increases the abundance of ENaC channels
What is the primary site for elimination of waste and hydrogen ions in the nephron?
Proximal convoluted tubule
What is the percentage of chloride reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule?
50%
What is the main mechanism of urea reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule?
Secondary active transport
In the early distal convoluted tubule, what is the function of the luminal Na+/Cl- symporter?
Reabsorbs approximately 5% of Na+/Cl-
What is the primary function of the basolateral Na+/K+-ATPase in principal cells?
Reabsorbs Na+ into the interstitium
In the late distal convoluted tubule, what is the primary function of intercalated cells?
Secretes H+ ions
What is the effect of aldosterone on the late distal convoluted tubule and collecting tubules?
Increases basolateral Na+/K+-ATPase activity
What is the characteristic of the epithelium in the late distal convoluted tubule and collecting tubules?
Impermeable epithelium
What is the primary function of the Ca2+ reabsorption mechanism in the early distal convoluted tubule?
Reabsorbs Ca2+ ions
Test your knowledge of the distal convoluted tubule, a critical part of the nephron in the kidney. This quiz covers the functions and characteristics of the DCT, including its role in reabsorbing sodium and chloride ions. Learn about the differences between the early and late segments of the DCT and how they regulate calcium and pH levels.
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