Questions and Answers
Which age group is recommended to receive the HPV vaccine Gardasil 9?
Pap smears are recommended for women over 65 years of age.
False
What is the frequency for cervical cytology screening for women aged 21-29?
every 3 years
Which diagnostic test is used for screening breast cancer?
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The acronym G, T-P-A-L stands for _____ in obstetric history.
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What are the primary components of health maintenance to be assessed in a patient?
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Menstrual patterns include cycle length, duration of flow, and associated pain.
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What does HPI stand for in the context of medical history taking?
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A patient who has completed her reproductive years is classified as _____ in preventative care.
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At what age should women start having mammograms according to the ACS schedule?
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Study Notes
Disease Prevention & Preventative Measures
- Immunizations are crucial for infants and children (0-9 years) to protect against various diseases.
- Adequate nutrition in childhood is essential for healthy growth and development.
- Mental health services should be accessible for children to address emotional and psychological needs.
Adolescence (10-19)
- Contraception methods, including condoms, reduce the risk of STIs and unintended pregnancies.
- Vaccinations continue to be important in adolescence for ongoing disease prevention.
- Nutritional needs must be met to support the rapid growth and developmental changes during this stage.
Reproductive Years (15-49)
- Contraceptive options are vital for family planning and spacing pregnancies.
- Routine Pap smears aid in early detection of cervical cancer.
- Prenatal and antenatal care are essential for monitoring pregnancy health.
- Nutrition, including iron and folate, supports maternal and fetal health.
Post Reproductive (45+)
- Pap smears remain important for cervical cancer screening in this age group.
- Mammograms help in the early detection of breast cancer.
- Nutrition should focus on calcium and vitamin D to maintain bone health.
- Regular visits to a primary care physician (PCP) are encouraged for ongoing health management.
Preventative Care
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HPV Vaccine (Gardasil 9): Protects against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, and others, recommended for ages 9-45.
- 2 doses for those under 15; 3 doses for those over 15.
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Pap Smear/HPV Test: Critical for cervical cancer screening.
- USPTF/ACOG guidelines recommend screening starts at age 21, with frequency based on age and risk factors.
- ACS guidelines suggest no screening for ages 21-25, with different intervals for those 25-65.
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Mammogram Guidelines:
- Starts at age 40-49 based on individual risk, every 2 years for ages 50-74.
- ACS allows for annual screening from ages 40-44, recommending annual screenings at 45-54, and biennial at 55+.
Interviewing/History Taking
- Begin with the chief complaint to understand primary concerns.
- Gather comprehensive health, menstrual, and obstetric histories.
- Assess contraception usage, including current methods and past complications.
- Document history of cervical and vaginal cytology, STIs, infertility, and sexual history.
- Obtain detailed past medical, surgical, and family histories, focusing on hereditary diseases.
- Social history should include lifestyle choices, education, and occupation.
- Emphasize health maintenance practices, including diet, screenings, and immunizations.
Focused and Complete Physical Exams
- Physical exams must assess breast, abdominal, and pelvic organs.
- Assess the appropriateness of a pelvic exam for patients who are not sexually active.
- Ensure patient comfort with explanations, emptying bladders, and providing chaperones during exams.
- Diagnostic lab procedures should include UA, culture tests, and screening for STIs, among others.
Ordering and Interpreting Diagnostic Studies
- Conduct various diagnostic office procedures, like wet mounts for assessing infections, and follow up with necessary lab tests based on clinical findings.
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Description
This quiz covers essential disease prevention and preventative measures throughout various life stages, including infancy, adolescence, reproductive years, and post-reproductive health. Test your knowledge on immunizations, nutrition, and health services tailored for each age group.
