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Discovery of Cell Structure
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Discovery of Cell Structure

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Questions and Answers

What did Robert Hooke observe in 1665 when examining a thin slice of cork?

He observed that the cork resembled the structure of a honeycomb consisting of many little compartments.

What did Robert Hooke call the little compartments he observed in the cork?

He called them cells.

What is the origin of the word 'cell'?

It is a Latin word for 'a little room'.

What is the purpose of placing the onion peel in a watch-glass containing water?

<p>It prevents the peel from getting folded or getting dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a glass slide in the activity?

<p>To place a drop of water and transfer a small piece of the peel from the watch-glass to the slide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outer layer of the onion bulb called?

<p>Epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tool is used to peel off the skin from the concave side of the onion?

<p>A pair of forceps.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of making sure the peel is perfectly flat on the slide?

<p>To get a clear view of the onion peel under a microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Robert Hooke's observation in 1665?

<p>It was the first time that someone observed that living things appear to consist of separate units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a microscope in the activity described in the chapter?

<p>To observe the structure of the onion peel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a pair of forceps to peel off the skin of the onion?

<p>It helps to remove the skin gently and carefully.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to the onion peel if it were not placed in a watch-glass containing water?

<p>It would get folded or dry out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to transfer the onion peel to a glass slide?

<p>To observe it under a microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of the cork that Robert Hooke observed?

<p>A honeycomb consisting of many little compartments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the concave side of the onion?

<p>It is used to peel off the skin (epidermis) of the onion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to study cells?

<p>To understand the structure of living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using a watch-glass containing water in the activity?

<p>To prevent the onion peel from getting folded or dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to make sure the peel is perfectly flat on the slide?

<p>To ensure a clear observation under the microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the microscope in the activity?

<p>To observe the cellular structure of the onion peel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the forceps in the activity?

<p>To carefully peel off the skin of the onion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transferring the onion peel to a glass slide?

<p>To prepare it for observation under the microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a microscope to study cells?

<p>To observe the cellular structure that is not visible to the naked eye.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of studying cells?

<p>To understand the biology of living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the glass slide in the activity?

<p>To hold the onion peel in place for observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inference can be drawn from the fact that the cork resembled the structure of a honeycomb?

<p>It can be inferred that the cork is composed of many small, compartmentalized units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using a watch-glass containing water in the activity?

<p>It prevents the onion peel from getting folded or dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the use of a microscope contribute to the understanding of cells?

<p>It allows for the observation of cells at a magnified level, revealing their structure and organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of using a glass slide in the activity?

<p>It provides a flat surface for mounting the onion peel, allowing for observation under the microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the Latin word 'cell' and the concept of a 'little room'?

<p>The Latin word 'cell' means 'a little room', which is analogous to the compartmentalized structure of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of peeling off the skin from the concave side of the onion?

<p>It is to obtain a sample of the inner layer of the onion, which can be observed under a microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Robert Hooke's observation in the context of the history of science?

<p>It marked the first time that someone had observed that living things appear to consist of separate units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the structure of the onion peel relate to the concept of cells?

<p>The onion peel is composed of many cells, which are organized in a specific structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying structure of cork that led Robert Hooke to coin the term 'cell'?

<p>The honeycomb-like structure of cork, consisting of many little compartments, led Robert Hooke to coin the term 'cell'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of observing that living things appear to consist of separate units?

<p>It emphasizes the fundamental concept that living organisms are composed of individual units, which are the building blocks of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to keep the onion peel in a watch-glass containing water before placing it on a glass slide?

<p>To prevent the peel from getting folded or dried, and to keep it flat and intact for observation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the term 'cell' in modern biology, and how is it related to Robert Hooke's discovery?

<p>The term 'cell' is used to describe the basic structural and functional units of living organisms, which originated from Robert Hooke's observation of the cork's structure in 1665.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a pair of forceps to peel off the skin from the concave side of the onion?

<p>To carefully and delicately remove the skin from the onion, ensuring that the underlying structure is not damaged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to place a drop of water on the glass slide before transferring the onion peel?

<p>To ensure that the onion peel adheres to the slide and lies flat, facilitating observation under the microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Latin word 'cell' in relation to the concept of a 'little room'?

<p>The Latin word 'cell' is derived from the concept of a 'little room', which describes the individual compartments or units that compose living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of observing the onion peel under a microscope, and what does it reveal about the structure of cells?

<p>Observing the onion peel under a microscope reveals the individual cells that make up the tissue, providing insight into the structure and organization of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery of the electron microscope in 1940 in understanding the structure of cells?

<p>It made possible to observe and understand the complex structure of the cell and its various organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of unicellular organisms?

<p>A single cell constitutes a whole organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cells produce cells of their own kind?

<p>Cells divide to produce cells of their own kind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

<p>Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell, while multicellular organisms are composed of many cells that assume different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about cells from different parts of a plant body?

<p>Cells from different parts of a plant body can exhibit differences in terms of shape, size, and structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of observing that living things appear to consist of separate units?

<p>It reveals that living organisms are composed of cells, the basic units of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of studying cells?

<p>Studying cells helps us understand the structure, function, and behavior of living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the origin of multicellular organisms?

<p>Every multicellular organism has originated from a single cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of observing the structure of onion peel cells?

<p>It reveals the diversity of cellular structure and function in different organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the structure of onion bulbs of different sizes based on the observation of their peel cells under a microscope?

<p>Onion bulbs of different sizes have similar small structures, which are the basic building units of the onion bulb, and these structures are cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the cells of an onion peel relate to the concept of cells in general?

<p>The cells of an onion peel are the basic building units of the onion bulb, and all organisms, including onions, are made up of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Robert Hooke's discovery of cells in 1665?

<p>Robert Hooke's discovery of cells in 1665 marked the first observation of cells, which laid the foundation for the cell theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cells and the concept of life?

<p>Cells are the basic units of life, and all living organisms are composed of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the contributions of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow relate to the cell theory?

<p>Schleiden and Schwann presented the cell theory, which states that all organisms are composed of cells, and Virchow expanded it by suggesting that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery of the nucleus in the cell?

<p>The discovery of the nucleus by Robert Brown in 1831 highlighted the importance of this organelle in the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the structures observed in onion peels and cork slices relate to each other?

<p>Both onion peels and cork slices exhibit similar structures, which are the basic building units of these organisms and are composed of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the term 'protoplasm' in the context of cell biology?

<p>The term 'protoplasm' was coined by Purkinje in 1839 to describe the fluid substance of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of understanding the structure and function of cells in the context of biology?

<p>Understanding the structure and function of cells is crucial for understanding the organization and function of living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be observed and understood with the discovery of the electron microscope in 1940?

<p>The complex structure of the cell and its various organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of unicellular organisms?

<p>A single cell constituting a whole organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cells produce cells of their own kind?

<p>Cells divide to produce cells of their own kind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

<p>The number of cells in an organism, with unicellular organisms having one cell and multicellular organisms having many cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic building units of the onion bulb, and what are they composed of?

<p>The basic building units of the onion bulb are cells, and they are composed of protoplasm and a nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be observed when examining cells from different parts of a plant body?

<p>Differences in shape, size, and structure among cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cells dividing to produce cells of their own kind?

<p>It allows for the growth and development of organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell theory presented by Schleiden and Schwann?

<p>The cell theory states that all plants and animals are composed of cells, and that cells are the basic unit of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cells from different parts of a plant body?

<p>They have differences in shape, size, and structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

<p>The nucleus is a crucial part of a cell where genetic information is stored.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

<p>Unicellular organisms are composed of a single cell, while multicellular organisms are composed of many cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about multicellular organisms?

<p>They originated from a single cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be observed when preparing temporary mounts of leaf peels, tip of roots of onion, or peels of onions of different sizes?

<p>Differences in shape, size, and structure among cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered the free-living cells in pond water for the first time?

<p>Leeuwenhoek (1674) discovered the free-living cells in pond water for the first time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using a microscope in the study of cells?

<p>A microscope allows us to observe cells and their structures in detail, which helps us understand their function and importance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of understanding the structure and function of cells in biology?

<p>Understanding cells is crucial in understanding the structure and function of living organisms, and how they respond to their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of the cell?

<p>Purkinje in 1839 coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke observe in 1665 when examining a thin slice of cork?

<p>Robert Hooke observed cells that resembled a honeycomb in a thin slice of cork.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Virchow's contribution to the cell theory?

<p>Virchow's contribution was that all cells arise from pre-existing cells, which helped complete the cell theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of the cells of the onion peel, regardless of the size of the onion?

<p>The cells of the onion peel all look the same, regardless of the size of the onion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the basic building units of the onion bulb?

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of cells in a cork slice in 1665?

<p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery of the nucleus in the cell?

<p>The discovery of the nucleus revealed the internal structure of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the fluid substance of the cell?

<p>Protoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who expanded the cell theory by suggesting that all cells arise from pre-existing cells?

<p>Virchow</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cells that are visible under a microscope?

<p>They have similar structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying structure of the onion bulb?

<p>It is made up of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery of free-living cells in pond water?

<p>It revealed the existence of single cells that live on their own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of unicellular organisms?

<p>A single cell constitutes a whole organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dividing cells in multicellular organisms?

<p>To produce cells of their own kind and assume different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be observed when preparing temporary mounts of leaf peels, tip of roots of onion, or peels of onions of different sizes?

<p>Differences in shape, size, and structure among cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery of the electron microscope in 1940?

<p>It allowed us to observe and understand the complex structure of cells and their organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cells and the concept of life?

<p>Cells are the basic units of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can all cells perform all functions in a multicellular organism?

<p>No, cells in multicellular organisms assume different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the structure of cells from different parts of a plant body?

<p>Cells from different parts of a plant body may have differences in shape, size, and structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying structure of cells in multicellular organisms?

<p>Cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of studying cells in biology?

<p>To understand the structure, function, and diversity of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the shape and size of cells and their function?

<p>The shape and size of cells are related to the specific function they perform.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of all living cells?

<p>All living cells have the capacity to perform certain basic functions that are characteristic of all living forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the division of labour in multicellular organisms?

<p>Different parts of the human body perform different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components within a cell that perform special functions?

<p>Cell organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a cell able to live and perform its functions?

<p>Due to the presence of cell organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of cell organelles in a cell?

<p>They perform special functions necessary for the cell's survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of life?

<p>A cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do all cells have in common, regardless of their function or organism?

<p>The same organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cell organelles in multicellular organisms?

<p>They enable division of labour within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three features found in almost every cell?

<p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost covering of the cell that separates its contents from the external environment?

<p>Plasma membrane or cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process allows substances like carbon dioxide or oxygen to move across the cell membrane?

<p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to substances that accumulate in high concentrations inside the cell?

<p>They move out of the cell through diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cell membrane in terms of the movement of substances?

<p>It is selectively permeable</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in relation to the external environment?

<p>It separates the cell's contents from the external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the spontaneous movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

<p>Diffusion occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the plasma membrane in a cell?

<p>It is the outermost covering of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three features that make cell activities and interactions with the environment possible?

<p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the diversity in shape and size of cells?

<p>The diversity in shape and size of cells is related to the specific function they perform.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cell organelles in a cell?

<p>Cell organelles perform special functions, such as making new material, clearing waste, and more, to enable the cell to live and perform its functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the concept of division of labor in multicellular organisms?

<p>The concept of division of labor means that different parts of an organism perform different functions, allowing for greater efficiency and specialization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of life that performs all the functions characteristic of living forms?

<p>The living cell is the basic unit of life that performs all the functions characteristic of living forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enables a cell to live and perform its functions?

<p>The presence of cell organelles enables a cell to live and perform its functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are cells able to perform certain basic functions that are characteristic of all living forms?

<p>Cells are able to perform certain basic functions because they have specific components, such as cell organelles, that enable them to do so.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the similarity in organelles found in all cells?

<p>The similarity in organelles found in all cells shows that all cells, regardless of their function or organism, share a common underlying structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cells perform their functions in a multicellular organism?

<p>Cells perform their functions in a multicellular organism through a division of labor, where different cells and cell organelles work together to achieve specific functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of cell organelles in the survival and function of a cell?

<p>Cell organelles are essential for the survival and function of a cell, as they allow the cell to perform specific functions necessary for its survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

<p>To allow or permit the entry and exit of some materials in and out of the cell, while preventing the movement of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which substances like carbon dioxide or oxygen move across the cell membrane?

<p>Diffusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to substances that accumulate in high concentrations inside the cell?

<p>They move out of the cell through diffusion, as the concentration of the substance is lower in the external environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three fundamental features found in almost every cell?

<p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the plasma membrane called a selectively permeable membrane?

<p>Because it allows or permits the entry and exit of some materials in and out of the cell, while preventing the movement of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

<p>Not specified in the given text, but typically, the nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and controls cellular activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do substances move out of the cell?

<p>Substances can move out of the cell through diffusion, as the concentration of the substance is lower in the external environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the plasma membrane in relation to the cell's external environment?

<p>The plasma membrane separates the contents of the cell from its external environment and regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the concentration of a substance inside the cell and its movement across the cell membrane?

<p>A substance will move out of the cell if its concentration is higher inside the cell than in the external environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

<p>The main function of the plasma membrane is to control the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing the entry and exit of some materials while preventing the movement of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of a substance inside the cell affect its movement across the cell membrane?

<p>When the concentration of a substance is high inside the cell and low outside, it moves out of the cell through the process of diffusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane in a cell?

<p>These three features are essential for cell activities and interactions with the environment, enabling the cell to perform its functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of diffusion in cellular processes?

<p>Diffusion allows for the spontaneous movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, maintaining cellular balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the cell membrane regulate the movement of substances?

<p>The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while preventing others from entering or leaving the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the plasma membrane and the external environment?

<p>The plasma membrane separates the cell from its external environment, controlling the exchange of materials between the two.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell's ability to interact with its environment?

<p>The cell's interactions with its environment enable it to respond to changes, adapt to its surroundings, and maintain homeostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the movement of substances into and out of the cell relate to cellular processes?

<p>The movement of substances affects cellular processes, such as metabolism, growth, and maintenance, by providing necessary materials and removing waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the cell's ability to regulate the movement of substances?

<p>The cell's ability to regulate substance movement is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, responding to changes in the environment, and ensuring proper cellular function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cells perform their basic functions, and what is the significance of this process in the cell's overall functioning?

<p>Cells perform their basic functions through the division of labour, where each cell organelle performs a special function, such as making new material or clearing up waste. This process is crucial for the cell's overall functioning, as it enables the cell to live and perform all its functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the shape and size of cells in relation to their function, and how do some cells adapt to their environment?

<p>The shape and size of cells are related to the specific function they perform. Some cells, like Amoeba, have changing shapes to adapt to their environment, while others, like nerve cells, have a fixed and peculiar shape for their specific function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of division of labour, and how is it seen in both multicellular organisms and single cells?

<p>The concept of division of labour refers to the distribution of tasks among different parts or components to achieve greater efficiency. In multicellular organisms, different parts of the body perform different functions, and in single cells, different cell organelles perform specific functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cell organelles, and what is their role in the cell's functioning?

<p>Cell organelles are specific components within a cell that perform special functions, such as making new material, clearing up waste, and so on. They are essential for the cell's functioning and survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell being considered the structural and functional unit of life, and what does this imply?

<p>The cell is considered the structural and functional unit of life because it is the basic unit of life, and all living organisms are composed of cells. This implies that cells are the fundamental units of life, and their structure and function are essential for the existence of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cells achieve their basic functions, and what is the role of cell organelles in this process?

<p>Cells achieve their basic functions through the coordinated effort of cell organelles, which work together to perform specific functions. Cell organelles are responsible for making new material, clearing up waste, and so on, enabling the cell to function properly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the structure and function of cells, and how do they impact the overall functioning of the organism?

<p>The structure and function of cells are closely related, as the cell's structure determines its function, and vice versa. The functioning of cells impacts the overall functioning of the organism, as cells are the basic units of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the fact that all cells have the same organelles, regardless of their function or organism?

<p>The fact that all cells have the same organelles, regardless of their function or organism, implies that all cells share a common ancestry and are connected through a shared evolutionary history. This highlights the unity and diversity of life at the cellular level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the components of a cell, such as cell organelles, work together to achieve the cell's overall functioning, and what is the significance of this process?

<p>The components of a cell, such as cell organelles, work together to achieve the cell's overall functioning through a coordinated effort, where each organelle performs a specific function. This process is significant because it enables the cell to survive, grow, and respond to its environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental reason why cells, despite their varied shapes and sizes, are able to perform their basic functions?

<p>The presence of specific cell organelles that perform special functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the division of labor within a cell and the division of labor in multicellular organisms compare?

<p>Both involve the separation of tasks into specialized components, with cell organelles performing specific functions in a cell and different organs performing specific functions in a multicellular organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying reason why all cells, regardless of their function or organism, have the same organelles?

<p>It is because these organelles are necessary for the basic functions of life, which are common to all living cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the shape and size of cells in relation to their function?

<p>The shape and size of cells are related to their specific function, with some cells having changing shapes and others having fixed and peculiar shapes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the components of a cell work together to achieve the cell's overall functioning?

<p>The cell organelles work together to perform their specific functions, enabling the cell to perform its basic functions and maintain its overall functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell being the basic unit of life?

<p>The cell is the basic unit of life because it is the smallest unit of life that can perform all the basic functions characteristic of living forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the internal organization of a cell enable it to perform its basic functions?

<p>The internal organization of a cell, with its cell organelles, enables the cell to perform its basic functions, such as making new material, clearing up waste, and so on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the connection between the structure and function of cells?

<p>The structure of a cell, including its cell organelles, is related to its function, with specific organelles performing specific functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the division of labor within a cell in enabling the cell to perform its basic functions?

<p>The division of labor within a cell enables the cell to perform its basic functions efficiently and effectively, as each organelle performs a specific function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell?

<p>The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain substances to enter or exit the cell while preventing the movement of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of a substance inside the cell affect its movement across the cell membrane during diffusion?

<p>The movement of substances occurs from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, allowing the cell to maintain homeostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell's external environment in relation to the movement of substances across the cell membrane?

<p>The cell's external environment has a lower concentration of substances like CO2 compared to the cell's internal environment, facilitating the movement of substances out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the plasma membrane and the cell's ability to interact with its environment?

<p>The plasma membrane allows the cell to interact with its environment by regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the structure of the plasma membrane contribute to its selectively permeable nature?

<p>The plasma membrane's structure allows it to control the movement of substances across the cell boundary, permitting certain substances to enter or exit the cell while restricting others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell's ability to regulate the movement of substances across the cell membrane?

<p>The cell's ability to regulate the movement of substances is essential for maintaining its internal environment, removing waste products, and performing cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the process of diffusion contribute to the cell's ability to maintain homeostasis?

<p>Diffusion allows the cell to maintain homeostasis by regulating the movement of substances and maintaining a stable internal environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleus in relation to the cell's interactions with its environment?

<p>The nucleus plays a crucial role in controlling the cell's interactions with its environment by regulating gene expression and cellular responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the cell's internal environment affect its ability to interact with its external environment?

<p>The cell's internal environment influences its ability to interact with its external environment by regulating the movement of substances and maintaining cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the shape and size of a cell relate to its function?

<p>The shape and size of a cell is related to its specific function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of life, and why is it called so?

<p>The cell is the basic unit of life, as it is the smallest unit that can perform all the basic functions of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do cells perform their basic functions, and what is the significance of this process?

<p>Cells perform their basic functions through the division of labour within the cell, which is made possible by the presence of cell organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cell organelles in a cell, and how do they contribute to the cell's ability to perform its functions?

<p>Cell organelles perform special functions such as making new material, clearing up waste material, and so on, which enables the cell to live and perform its functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the division of labour within a cell compare to the division of labour in multicellular organisms?

<p>The division of labour within a cell is similar to the division of labour in multicellular organisms, where different parts of the organism perform different functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the discovery that all cells have the same organelles, regardless of their function or the organism they are found in?

<p>This discovery highlights the unity and diversity of life, and suggests that all living organisms share a common ancestry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the structures and functions of cell organelles enable the cell to perform its basic functions?

<p>The structures and functions of cell organelles enable the cell to perform its basic functions by allowing it to make new material, clear up waste material, and so on.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell being the basic unit of life, and what implications does this have for our understanding of living organisms?

<p>The cell being the basic unit of life means that all living organisms are composed of cells, and that cells are the fundamental units of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of cell organelles contribute to the cell's ability to maintain homeostasis and regulate its internal environment?

<p>The presence of cell organelles enables the cell to maintain homeostasis and regulate its internal environment by performing functions such as making new material and clearing up waste material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane in regard to the cell's external environment?

<p>.Allow or permit the entry and exit of some materials in and out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of a substance inside the cell compare to its concentration in the external environment when it moves out of the cell?

<p>Higher inside the cell, lower outside</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the movement of substances across the cell membrane, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide?

<p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost covering of the cell, responsible for separating its contents from the external environment?

<p>Plasma membrane or cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which substances like carbon dioxide move out of the cell?

<p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three fundamental features found in almost every cell?

<p>Plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the movement of substances across the cell membrane occur?

<p>Through a process called diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the plasma membrane being selectively permeable?

<p>It allows or prevents the entry and exit of certain materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the spontaneous movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

<p>Substances move out of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cell when it is placed in a concentrated salt solution?

<p>The cell shrinks because water passes out of the cell into the salt solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the egg when it is placed in pure water?

<p>The egg swells because water passes into it by osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to dried raisins or apricots when they are placed in a concentrated sugar or salt solution?

<p>They lose water and shrink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do unicellular freshwater organisms and most plant cells tend to gain water through osmosis?

<p>Because they are in a hypotonic solution, where the concentration of solutes is lower than within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of osmosis in the life of a cell?

<p>It is important in the exchange of gases and water in the life of a cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the shell of an egg when it is dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid?

<p>The shell, which is mostly calcium carbonate, is dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is osmosis?

<p>A special case of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of diffusion in cellular processes?

<p>It is important in the exchange of gases and water in the life of a cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when dried raisins or apricots are placed in plain water?

<p>They gain water and swell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an animal or plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

<p>The cell will gain water by osmosis and swell up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an isotonic solution, and what happens to the cell when it is placed in it?

<p>An isotonic solution is a solution that has exactly the same water concentration as the cell. When the cell is placed in it, there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane, and the cell stays the same size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hypertonic solution, and what happens to the cell when it is placed in it?

<p>A hypertonic solution is a solution that has a lower concentration of water than the cell. When the cell is placed in it, the cell will lose water by osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane?

<p>Osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the direction of water movement across the cell membrane?

<p>The concentration of water in the solution compared to the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of osmosis when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

<p>The cell will swell up due to the influx of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of osmosis in cells?

<p>To maintain the balance of water and solute concentrations within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of water molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration?

<p>Osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a cell is placed in a solution with a higher water concentration than the cell?

<p>The cell will gain water by osmosis and swell up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of solution has the same water concentration as the cell?

<p>An isotonic solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell when it is placed in a solution with a lower water concentration than the cell?

<p>The cell will lose water by osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is osmosis?

<p>The net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane toward a higher solute concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of osmosis in a hypotonic solution?

<p>The cell will gain water and swell up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of osmosis in a hypertonic solution?

<p>The cell will lose water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of osmosis in an isotonic solution?

<p>There will be no net movement of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a cell will gain or lose water?

<p>The concentration of water in the surrounding solution compared to the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cell when more water leaves the cell than enters it?

<p>The cell will shrink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of membrane is involved in the process of osmosis?

<p>A selectively permeable membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the egg when it is placed in pure water?

<p>The egg swells because water passes into it by osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the egg shrink when placed in a concentrated salt solution?

<p>Water passes out of the egg solution into the salt solution because the salt solution is more concentrated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to dried raisins or apricots when placed in plain water?

<p>They gain water and swell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to dried raisins or apricots when placed in a concentrated solution of sugar or salt?

<p>They lose water and shrink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of organisms tend to gain water through osmosis?

<p>Unicellular freshwater organisms and most plant cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of diffusion in cellular processes?

<p>It is important for the exchange of gases and water in the life of a cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is absorption of water by plant roots an example of osmosis?

<p>Because water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of osmosis when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

<p>The cell will gain water by osmosis and swell up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a solution that has the same water concentration as the cell?

<p>Isotonic solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cell when it is placed in a solution with a lower water concentration than the cell?

<p>The cell will lose water by osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines the direction of water movement across the cell membrane?

<p>The concentration of solutes in the solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of osmosis when a cell is placed in a solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell?

<p>The cell will lose water by osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the plasma membrane in regulating the movement of water across the cell?

<p>The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, allowing water to move across the cell membrane in both directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of osmosis in the life of a cell?

<p>Osmosis helps maintain the proper balance of water and solutes within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net result of osmosis when a cell is placed in a solution with the same solute concentration as the cell?

<p>There is no net movement of water across the cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution?

<p>The cell shrinks as water passes out of the cell into the surrounding solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the activity involving an egg in osmosis?

<p>To demonstrate the concept of osmosis and its effect on cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do unicellular freshwater organisms and most plant cells tend to gain water through osmosis?

<p>Because they are in a hypotonic environment, where the concentration of solutes is lower than that of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of diffusion in the life of a cell?

<p>It is important for the exchange of gases and water between the cell and its environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell in an isotonic solution?

<p>The cell remains the same size, as there is no net movement of water into or out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do dried raisins or apricots shrink when placed in a concentrated solution of sugar or salt?

<p>Because water passes out of the raisins or apricots into the surrounding solution through osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of osmosis in plant roots?

<p>Osmosis helps in the absorption of water by plant roots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the egg when it is placed in pure water?

<p>The egg swells as water passes into the egg through osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the selectively permeable nature of the cell membrane?

<p>It allows certain substances to pass through while restricting others, regulating the exchange of substances between the cell and its environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a solution that has a higher water concentration than the cell, and what is the effect of this solution on the cell?

<p>A hypotonic solution, which causes the cell to gain water by osmosis and swell up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the selectively permeable nature of the cell membrane in relation to osmosis?

<p>It allows water to move across the membrane in both directions, but regulates the movement of solutes, enabling the cell to maintain proper osmotic balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of water in the surrounding solution affect the movement of water across the cell membrane?

<p>If the surrounding solution has a higher water concentration, water moves into the cell; if it has a lower concentration, water moves out of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a cell being placed in an isotonic solution, and what does this indicate about the concentration of water inside the cell?

<p>The cell remains the same size, indicating that the concentration of water inside the cell is equal to that of the surrounding solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution, and what is the term used to describe this type of solution?

<p>The cell loses water by osmosis, and the solution is described as a hypertonic solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of osmosis in the life of a cell, and how does it contribute to the cell's overall function?

<p>Osmosis helps maintain proper osmotic balance, enabling the cell to perform its functions and maintain its structure and shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the movement of water across the cell membrane in relation to the cell's overall function?

<p>It enables the cell to maintain proper osmotic balance, regulate its shape and size, and perform its functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of solutes in the surrounding solution affect the movement of water across the cell membrane, and what is the term used to describe this process?