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Questions and Answers
What are the characteristics that distinguish living matter from non-living matter?
What are the characteristics that distinguish living matter from non-living matter?
Life is distinguished by the capacity for growth, reaction to stimuli, metabolism, energy transformation, and reproduction.
What are the various forms of life?
What are the various forms of life?
Various forms of life include plants, animals, fungi, protists, archaea, and bacteria.
What is the unit of heredity?
What is the unit of heredity?
The gene is the unit of heredity.
What is the structural and functional unit of life?
What is the structural and functional unit of life?
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What are the two kinds of cells?
What are the two kinds of cells?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Living Matter
- Living matter exhibits organization, metabolism, homeostasis, growth and development, reproduction, response to stimuli, and evolution
- Non-living matter lacks these characteristics, distinguishing living from non-living matter
Forms of Life
- Autotrophs: produce own food through photosynthesis (plants, algae, some bacteria)
- Heterotrophs: obtain energy by consuming other organisms (animals, fungi, some bacteria)
- Prokaryotes: single-celled, lack true nucleus (bacteria, archaea)
- Eukaryotes: single- or multi-celled, have true nucleus (plants, animals, fungi, protists)
Heredity
- The unit of heredity is the gene, which carries information from one generation to the next
- Genes are made up of DNA and determine an organism's traits
Structural and Functional Unit of Life
- The cell is the structural and functional unit of life, the basic building block of living organisms
- Cells carry out all life processes, including metabolism, growth, and reproduction
Types of Cells
- Prokaryotic cells: lack true nucleus, typically small and simple (bacteria, archaea)
- Eukaryotic cells: have true nucleus, often larger and more complex (plants, animals, fungi, protists)
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