Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which venomous marine creature can attack its prey by holding it with its tentacles, piercing its shell with its beak, and then envenomating it?
Which venomous marine creature can attack its prey by holding it with its tentacles, piercing its shell with its beak, and then envenomating it?
- Tetrodotoxin
- Marbled Cone
- Cone Shells
- Blue-ringed Octopus (correct)
What is the mechanism of action of neurotoxins at the neuromuscular junction?
What is the mechanism of action of neurotoxins at the neuromuscular junction?
- Activation of GABA receptors
- Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
- Enhancement of acetylcholine release
- Blockade of voltage gated Na+ channels (correct)
What is the classification of Cone Shells based on their prey?
What is the classification of Cone Shells based on their prey?
- Molluscivorous, Vermivorous, Carnivorous
- Molluscivorous, Vermivorous, Piscivorous (correct)
- Molluscivorous, Carnivorous, Piscivorous
- Herbivorous, Vermivorous, Piscivorous
Which venomous marine creature contains conotoxins in its venom?
Which venomous marine creature contains conotoxins in its venom?
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
What is the recommended management for envenomation by a Blue-ringed Octopus on a limb?
What is the recommended management for envenomation by a Blue-ringed Octopus on a limb?
What is the main effect of Tetrodotoxin (TTX) venom from a Blue-ringed Octopus?
What is the main effect of Tetrodotoxin (TTX) venom from a Blue-ringed Octopus?
What is the function of Na+ ion channel toxins found in the venom of Marbled Cone?
What is the function of Na+ ion channel toxins found in the venom of Marbled Cone?
What is the alternative method of envenomation used by a Blue-ringed Octopus?
What is the alternative method of envenomation used by a Blue-ringed Octopus?
What is the status of antivenom availability for envenomation by a Blue-ringed Octopus?
What is the status of antivenom availability for envenomation by a Blue-ringed Octopus?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of a stonefish sting?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of a stonefish sting?
What is the main treatment for a lionfish sting?
What is the main treatment for a lionfish sting?
Which fish is known for its venomous spines and can cause symptoms such as intense throbbing pain, tingling sensations, and blistering?
Which fish is known for its venomous spines and can cause symptoms such as intense throbbing pain, tingling sensations, and blistering?
What is the main method of management for a scorpion fish sting?
What is the main method of management for a scorpion fish sting?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of a toadfish sting?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of a toadfish sting?
What is the main issue in the management of sea urchin injuries?
What is the main issue in the management of sea urchin injuries?
Which of the following is true about stingrays?
Which of the following is true about stingrays?
What is the main management for a jellyfish sting?
What is the main management for a jellyfish sting?
Which class of jellyfish is known as 'the most venomous creature in the world'?
Which class of jellyfish is known as 'the most venomous creature in the world'?
What is the role of nematocysts in jellyfish envenomation?
What is the role of nematocysts in jellyfish envenomation?
Which jellyfish is responsible for the most documented deaths in Australian waters?
Which jellyfish is responsible for the most documented deaths in Australian waters?
Which jellyfish is associated with the condition known as Irukandji syndrome?
Which jellyfish is associated with the condition known as Irukandji syndrome?
What are the symptoms of Irukandji syndrome?
What are the symptoms of Irukandji syndrome?
What is the recommended management for a sting from a Box Jellyfish?
What is the recommended management for a sting from a Box Jellyfish?
What is the recommended management for a sting from a Bluebottle Jellyfish?
What is the recommended management for a sting from a Bluebottle Jellyfish?
What are the venom components of importance in sea snakes?
What are the venom components of importance in sea snakes?
What is the recommended treatment method for sea snake bites?
What is the recommended treatment method for sea snake bites?
What is the venom used to produce sea snake antivenom?
What is the venom used to produce sea snake antivenom?
How many species of sea snakes are there in Northern Australia?
How many species of sea snakes are there in Northern Australia?
What are the local effects of sea snake envenoming?
What are the local effects of sea snake envenoming?
Which family of snakes in Australia includes the Cobras found overseas?
Which family of snakes in Australia includes the Cobras found overseas?
How many snake bites occur per year in Australia?
How many snake bites occur per year in Australia?
What is the LD50?
What is the LD50?
Which snake is also known as the common brown snake?
Which snake is also known as the common brown snake?
Which snake family is the most diverse and widespread?
Which snake family is the most diverse and widespread?
How many fatalities per year are there from snake bites in Australia?
How many fatalities per year are there from snake bites in Australia?
Which snake is also known as the fierce snake or small-scaled snake?
Which snake is also known as the fierce snake or small-scaled snake?
Which family of snakes in Australia has none of its species present?
Which family of snakes in Australia has none of its species present?
Which snake is also known as gwardar?
Which snake is also known as gwardar?
What is the approximate fatality rate from snake bites in Australia per 100,000 population?
What is the approximate fatality rate from snake bites in Australia per 100,000 population?
Which of the following compounds are commonly found in snake venoms?
Which of the following compounds are commonly found in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of myotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of myotoxins found in snake venoms?
Which of the following is a characteristic of coagulation induced by snake venoms?
Which of the following is a characteristic of coagulation induced by snake venoms?
What is the main effect of neurotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is the main effect of neurotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of haemotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of haemotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is a key early sign of nephrotoxicity caused by snake venoms?
What is a key early sign of nephrotoxicity caused by snake venoms?
What is a common effect of cardiotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of cardiotoxins found in snake venoms?
Which of the following snake species is associated with kidney damage as a result of snakebite?
Which of the following snake species is associated with kidney damage as a result of snakebite?
What is the main cause of death from haemotoxins in snake venoms?
What is the main cause of death from haemotoxins in snake venoms?
Which of the following snake venoms may cause heart failure?
Which of the following snake venoms may cause heart failure?
Which snake is responsible for more deaths every year in Australia than any other group of snakes?
Which snake is responsible for more deaths every year in Australia than any other group of snakes?
Which snake has venom ranked as the second most toxic of any land snake in the world?
Which snake has venom ranked as the second most toxic of any land snake in the world?
Which snake raises its body off the ground, winds into an 'S' shape, and opens its mouth when disturbed?
Which snake raises its body off the ground, winds into an 'S' shape, and opens its mouth when disturbed?
Which snake is less aggressive than its eastern cousin and tends to be fast moving and nervous in temperament?
Which snake is less aggressive than its eastern cousin and tends to be fast moving and nervous in temperament?
Which snake delivers three times as much venom as the eastern brown snake?
Which snake delivers three times as much venom as the eastern brown snake?
Which snake's bite is usually painless and difficult to see due to the small fang marks?
Which snake's bite is usually painless and difficult to see due to the small fang marks?
Which snake's venom causes progressive paralysis and stops the blood from clotting?
Which snake's venom causes progressive paralysis and stops the blood from clotting?
Which snake's venom may take many doses of antivenom to treat envenomation?
Which snake's venom may take many doses of antivenom to treat envenomation?
Which snake's bite can cause severe coagulopathy (blood clotting disorder) and sometimes kidney damage?
Which snake's bite can cause severe coagulopathy (blood clotting disorder) and sometimes kidney damage?
Which snake is found throughout the eastern half of mainland Australia?
Which snake is found throughout the eastern half of mainland Australia?
Which of the following snake species produces the most lethal poison drop-for-drop?
Which of the following snake species produces the most lethal poison drop-for-drop?
Which of the following clinical features is NOT commonly seen in brown snake envenomation?
Which of the following clinical features is NOT commonly seen in brown snake envenomation?
Which snake venom may cause severe secondary rhabdomyolysis?
Which snake venom may cause severe secondary rhabdomyolysis?
Which of the following clinical features is commonly seen in taipan envenomation?
Which of the following clinical features is commonly seen in taipan envenomation?
Which of the following snake venoms is associated with a mild risk of paralysis?
Which of the following snake venoms is associated with a mild risk of paralysis?
Which of the following lizards is known to have venom and peptides that can decrease blood pressure?
Which of the following lizards is known to have venom and peptides that can decrease blood pressure?
Which of the following snake venoms contains pre- and post-synaptic toxins?
Which of the following snake venoms contains pre- and post-synaptic toxins?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of black snake envenomation?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of black snake envenomation?
Which of the following is a characteristic of coagulation induced by snake venoms?
Which of the following is a characteristic of coagulation induced by snake venoms?
Which of the following clinical features is commonly seen in tiger snake envenomation?
Which of the following clinical features is commonly seen in tiger snake envenomation?
Which type of antivenom is a combination of all species used in Australia?
Which type of antivenom is a combination of all species used in Australia?
How much antivenom is in a vial of Taipan antivenom?
How much antivenom is in a vial of Taipan antivenom?
What is the recommended management for envenomation by a Blue-ringed Octopus on a limb?
What is the recommended management for envenomation by a Blue-ringed Octopus on a limb?
What is the main cause of death from haemotoxins in snake venoms?
What is the main cause of death from haemotoxins in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of cardiotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is a common effect of cardiotoxins found in snake venoms?
What is the main issue in the management of sea urchin injuries?
What is the main issue in the management of sea urchin injuries?
What is the function of Na+ ion channel toxins found in the venom of Marbled Cone?
What is the function of Na+ ion channel toxins found in the venom of Marbled Cone?
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
What is the main method of management for a scorpion fish sting?
What is the main method of management for a scorpion fish sting?
What is the main effect of Tetrodotoxin (TTX) venom from a Blue-ringed Octopus?
What is the main effect of Tetrodotoxin (TTX) venom from a Blue-ringed Octopus?
