Questions and Answers
What was a major difference between European and Native American cultures in the 15th century?
European cultures were largely centralized and agricultural, while Native American cultures were diverse in language, economy, politics, and religion
What is a defining characteristic of Native American literatures?
They were originally oral performances
Why is translating Native American oral literature to the page controversial?
The process of translation may not effectively convey the meaning and cultural significance of the original performance
How did Native American verbal expressions differ from Western literature?
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What is the significance of reading the words of Native American oral literature?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Native American cultures in North America?
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What was the state of European print culture in the 15th century?
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What is the role of oral tradition in Native American cultures?
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Study Notes
In 1492, European cultures were largely centralized, agricultural, and Christian, with a written alphabet and a developing print culture. In contrast, Native American cultures in North America were diverse in language, economy, politics, and religion, with oral traditions and a wide range of verbal expressions. While traditional native peoples do not have a category of language use corresponding to Western literature, many types of Native American verbal expression could be considered literary after the Romanticism period. However, traditional Native American literatures originate as oral performances, and translating them effectively to the page is controversial. Reading the words of Native American oral literature conveys some sense of Indigenous literary expression before the arrival of Europeans.
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