Discover the Industrial Applications of Enzymes
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Questions and Answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the degradation of proteins in detergents?

  • Amylase
  • Cellulase
  • Protease (correct)
  • Lipase
  • What is the main function of glucose isomerase?

  • Conversion of starch to glucose
  • Removal of lignin
  • Improve nutrient availability
  • Production of High Glucose Syrup (correct)
  • Which enzyme is used for the removal of fruit starch haze?

  • Cellulase
  • Amylase (correct)
  • Lipase
  • Protease
  • What is the role of chymosin in cheese manufacture?

    <p>Clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is commonly used to increase yields in wine production?

    <p>Pectinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of enzymes in chemical reactions?

    <p>To reduce the activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about enzymes is true?

    <p>Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the molecules that enzymes act upon called?

    <p>Substrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to enzymes during the process of accelerating chemical reactions?

    <p>Enzymes remain unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the ability of a protein to change shape, resulting in a change in binding affinity at a different binding site?

    <p>Allostery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which fields do industrial applications of enzymes benefit?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of enzymes in metabolic processes within a cell?

    <p>To convert substrates into products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of enzymes catalyzes reactions in which one molecule is oxidized while the other is reduced?

    <p>Oxidases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of enzymes catalyzes the transfer of carbon, nitrogen, or phosphate groups?

    <p>Transferases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of enzymes catalyzes hydrolytic cleavage reactions?

    <p>Hydrolases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of enzymes catalyzes the cleavage of C-C, C-S, and C-N bonds?

    <p>Lyases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme requires ATP for its activity?

    <p>Synthetase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes the incorporation of molecular O2 to a substrate?

    <p>Oxygenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelles in the cell are involved in compartmentalization of enzymes?

    <p>Endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is typically found when the cells of the liver are stressed or damaged?

    <p>ALT alanine aminotransferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is increased when bile flow in the liver is reduced?

    <p>ALP alkaline phosphatase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is most frequently measured to assess muscle injury?

    <p>CK creatine kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzymes are used to assess liver function, with lesser importance during muscle injury?

    <p>ALT alanine aminotransferase and ALP alkaline phosphatase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of insulin and glucagon in regulating enzymatic activities on metabolic pathways?

    <p>Regulate the rate of product formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the key-lock mechanism of enzymes?

    <p>Enzymes bind to substrates in a specific way, like a key fitting into a lock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an industrial application of enzymes?

    <p>Food preservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between apoenzyme and holoenzyme?

    <p>Apoenzyme is the inactive form of an enzyme, while holoenzyme is the active form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is activation energy?

    <p>The energy required to start a chemical reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do enzymes do?

    <p>Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of enzyme nomenclature?

    <p>Amylase, Lipase, Protease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enzymes in Industry and Metabolism

    • Subtilisin is the enzyme responsible for the degradation of proteins in detergents.
    • Glucose isomerase is used to convert glucose to fructose in the production of high-fructose corn syrup.
    • Amyloglucosidase is used to remove fruit starch haze.
    • Chymosin is used in cheese manufacture to curdle milk.
    • Urea lyase is used to increase yields in wine production.
    • Enzymes act as catalysts to increase the rates of chemical reactions.
    • Enzymes are proteins that act on specific molecules, known as substrates.
    • During chemical reactions, enzymes accelerate the process without being consumed or altered.
    • Allosteric effect refers to the ability of a protein to change shape, resulting in a change in binding affinity at a different binding site.
    • Industrial applications of enzymes benefit fields such as detergent, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
    • Enzymes play a crucial role in metabolic processes within a cell, facilitating chemical reactions.

    Classes of Enzymes

    • Oxidoreductases catalyze reactions in which one molecule is oxidized while the other is reduced.
    • Transferases catalyze the transfer of carbon, nitrogen, or phosphate groups.
    • Hydrolases catalyze hydrolytic cleavage reactions.
    • Lyases catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-S, and C-N bonds.

    Enzyme Functions

    • ATP-dependent enzymes require ATP for their activity.
    • Oxygenases catalyze the incorporation of molecular O2 to a substrate.
    • Mitochondria and lysosomes are organelles involved in the compartmentalization of enzymes.
    • Alanine transaminase (ALT) is typically found when the cells of the liver are stressed or damaged.
    • Alkaline phosphatase is increased when bile flow in the liver is reduced.
    • Creatine kinase is most frequently measured to assess muscle injury.
    • AST and ALT are used to assess liver function, with lesser importance during muscle injury.

    Enzyme Regulation and Mechanisms

    • Insulin and glucagon regulate enzymatic activities on metabolic pathways.
    • The key-lock mechanism of enzymes refers to the specific binding of substrates to active sites.
    • An example of an industrial application of enzymes is the use of amylases in laundry detergents.
    • An apoenzyme is an inactive enzyme without a cofactor, whereas a holoenzyme is the active form with a cofactor.
    • Activation energy is the energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.
    • Enzymes increase the rates of chemical reactions without being consumed or altered.
    • An example of enzyme nomenclature is the use of the suffix "-ase" to denote an enzyme, such as lactase.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the industrial applications of enzymes with this quiz! Explore enzymes like streptokinase used to dissolve blood clots, protease for protein degradation, cellulase for breaking down cellulose, lipase for lipid degradation, amylase for starch conversion, and more. Challenge yourself and learn about the fascinating uses of enzymes in various industries.

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