Discover Soil Classification and Horizons

Soil profile refers to a vertical section of soil that extends through all its layers into the parent material. It is important in soil classification as it helps identify and differentiate between different horizons and understand the characteristics and composition of the soil.

Brown Earth Soils have a high pH and are dark in color. They are found in limestone areas with good drainage, making them fertile. They are used for agriculture and crop production.

Gleys soils form in waterlogged areas after heavy rainfall, a process known as Gleization. These soils have poor drainage and mottling can be seen in the blue-grey horizon. They are unsuitable for agriculture and often have high groundwater levels.

Podzols are one of the world's most acidic soils, found in areas of forestry. They are prone to leeching and are not suitable for agriculture. They are mainly used for forestry purposes.

Brown Podzolic Soils are linked to Podzols but do not leech as badly. They are commonly found in areas of forestry and are suitable for growing trees. They have a high pH and are well drained.

Surface water refers to water found on the upper layer of soil that has not penetrated soil pores, while ground water is water found underground in soil pores and in cracks in rocks.