Discipline in Policing

Study Notes

Discipline in Policing

Discipline is more than just punishment; it involves instruction, training, and promoting self-control.
Discipline aims to enhance coordination, self-control, character, and efficiency within the police force.
The term "discipline" originates from the word "disciple," emphasizing learning from a leader.

Types of Discipline

Positive discipline focuses on constructive training and addressing deficiencies.
Negative discipline is punitive, used only when positive methods fail and is applied progressively.

Progressive Discipline Steps

Oral warning: First step in the disciplinary process.
Written warning: Indicates a more serious infraction.
Suspension or layoff: A more significant penalty.
Discharge: The most severe consequence.

Effective Punishment Attributes

Certainty: Consistent enforcement, not harshness, deters misconduct.
Swiftness: Punishment should follow the infraction promptly.
Fairness: Impartiality and a constructive approach build trust within the force.
Consistency: Uniform penalties for similar infractions under similar circumstances.
Deterrence: The punishment serves to discourage future misconduct.

Supervisor Responsibilities in Discipline

Supervisors maintain order and enforce rules.
Supervisors address and resolve employee misconduct and complaints effectively.
Supervisors act as role models, embodying standards and policies.

Positive Discipline Methods

Counseling, guidance, and mentoring are crucial for positive discipline.
Demonstrating best practices and actively participating in training are crucial components.

When to Use Punitive Discipline

Apply punitive discipline only as a last resort for non-compliant employees.
Maintain organizational integrity and performance standards.

Early Warning Systems

Track patterns of problematic behaviour (like use of force, complaints, or accidents).
Implementing early intervention strategies like training to address potential problems before they escalate.

Discipline and Organizational Dynamics

Police morale is influenced by leadership, discipline, goals, pay, and working conditions.
Indicators of poor morale include absenteeism, grievances, and a decline in service quality.
Esprit de corps emphasizes pride, responsibility, and cooperation within a police group.
High levels of discipline, morale, and esprit de corps are key for strong organizational performance & employee satisfaction.

Complaint Investigation and Liability

Thorough investigations protect the department's reputation, public trust, and employee rights.
Investigative processes must be thorough and evidence-based to avoid legal challenges.
Vicarious liability means organizations can be held liable for employee misconduct within their scope of employment.
Supervisors can face liability for negligent retention or inadequate training.
Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act can hold supervisors and organizations accountable for gross neglect or deliberate indifference.

Best Practices for Supervisors

Supervisors must maintain self-control and fairness in their conduct to set a good example.
Ensure employees are well-informed about policies and behavioral expectations.
Use discipline as a learning opportunity for both the individual and the organization.
Maintain comprehensive records of investigations for legal protection.

Description

Explore the essential role of discipline in policing, focusing on its positive and negative aspects, as well as the progressive steps involved. Understand how effective punishment attributes like certainty, swiftness, and fairness contribute to improved self-control and efficiency within the police force.