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Questions and Answers
What are the three elements necessary for a fire to occur?
Which of the following methods is used to extinguish a fire by removing heat?
What is one of the main objectives of emergency management?
Why is it important to have fire alarms in building rooms?
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Which type of extinguisher is typically best for grease fires?
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Which of the following is NOT a phase in crisis management?
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What is a key action to take during a crisis according to the emergency management plan?
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What concentration of oxygen is typically required in the atmosphere to support combustion?
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What should be emphasized during the management of a crisis?
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What is a key feature of an automatic firefighting system?
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In the context of fire prevention, what does fire starvation mean?
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What is the purpose of restoring operations after a crisis?
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Which of the following actions should be taken after a crisis has passed?
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What is the unit of measurement for electric current?
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What element is essential for an effective emergency plan?
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Which is a critical component to address during the 'during the crisis' phase?
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What is a natural cause of power outages related to weather conditions?
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Which measure is not included in the steps to take during a power outage?
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How does flooding negatively impact electricity supply?
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What can result from high electricity demand during peak periods?
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Which of the following is a preventative measure to take before rainfall?
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What type of damage can occur to buildings as a result of torrential rains and floods?
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Which of the following describes a human error that can lead to power outages?
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Which of these should be avoided during rainfall?
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What should you do with gas, electricity, and water sources when leaving your house?
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Which action is recommended while driving during a rainstorm?
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What should be done after heavy rain has stopped?
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Which of the following is a principle of passive defense?
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In passive defense principles, what is a key factor in selecting safe geographic areas?
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Which action is not part of the passive defense strategy?
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What is a recommended action to take during an evacuation request?
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Which of the following statements is true about managing electrical installations after rainfall?
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Study Notes
Disaster Management
- Emergency management is essential during crisis, defining roles and responsibilities.
- Objectives: protect community, reduce injuries, maintain business continuity.
- The disaster and crisis plan aims to identify personnel, equipment, and allocate resources during emergencies.
- The plan assigns roles and responsibilities during emergencies.
- Aims to restore operations to their usual state.
- Essential elements of a successful emergency plan: clear communication channels, designated meeting points, preparedness training, resource inventory, evacuation procedures, emergency contact lists, regular plan review, and public awareness and involvement.
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Stages of a crisis:
- Before: risk assessment, hazard identification, mitigation strategies, establishment of warning systems, and public education.
- During: follow plan, coordinate with authorities, emphasize teamwork, assess damage, follow search and rescue procedure, secure vacated areas, and set up emergency medical treatment points.
- After: restore normalcy, conduct accident investigations, and resume standard operations.
- Prerequisites for a successful emergency plan: community involvement, communication system, and resource availability.
- Transportation essential in emergency response: ensure adequate transport for emergency personnel, injured people, and supplies.
- Essential elements for an effective emergency response plan: clear communication channels, designated meeting points, preparedness training, resource inventory, evacuation procedures, emergency contact lists, regular plan review, and public awareness.
Fire Fighting
- Fire triangle: Fuel, heat, and oxygen needed for combustion.
- Causes of fires: carelessness, faulty wiring, equipment malfunction, arson, lightning, and natural disasters.
- Fire prevention: install fire alarms, train personnel in fire safety, ensure fire equipment accessibility, install automatic firefighting systems, and plan water sources.
- Fire suppression: removing one or more elements of the fire triangle.
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Fire suppression methods:
- Fire starvation: Removing fuel source.
- Suffocation: cutting off oxygen supply.
- Cooling: reducing the heat.
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Types of fire extinguishers:
- CO2: effective for electrical fires.
- Powder: used for flammable liquids.
- Water: used for ordinary combustibles.
- Foam: used for flammable liquid fires, also helps to prevent reignition.
Power Outages
- Electric current: flow of electricity in a circuit, measured in amperes.
- Types of electric current: direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
- Power outages: disruption of the electricity supply.
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Causes of power outages:
- Natural: lightning strikes, strong winds, heavy rains, and floods.
- Human error: vehicles, excavation, and high electricity demand.
- Responding to power outages: activate backup power, investigate the cause, resolve the issue, and document the entire process.
Rain and Floods
- Effects of heavy rains and floods: loss of life, property damage, infrastructure disruption, and agricultural losses.
- Before rain: prepare for risks, stay informed, avoid flood zones, and follow civil defense instructions.
- During rain: follow warnings, avoid electrical hazards, disconnect utilities, stay away from low-lying areas, drive carefully, and comply with evacuation orders.
- After rain: follow news updates, avoid flooded areas, assist others, be mindful of downed objects and power lines, check for gas leaks, and disconnect electrical circuits if needed.
Passive Defense
- Passive defense: actions taken to minimize damage and casualties without relying on weaponry.
- Principles of passive defense: camouflage, concealment, deception, building fortifications, dispersal, and misinformation.
- Passive defense strategies aim to: obscure targets, limit the effectiveness of enemy weapons, and increase their cost.
- Passive defense principles in action: territorial selection, population distribution, functional dispersal, scale and economic feasibility, building structures, parallel support systems, retrofitting infrastructure, strategic positioning of operations, crisis management, camouflage, deceiving the enemy, protecting critical information systems, and establishing double-tiered structures.
- Strategic objectives of passive defense: minimizing damage, protecting critical infrastructure, ensuring a functional society, and decreasing vulnerability to attacks.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in disaster management, focusing on emergency management strategies during crises. It outlines the objectives, roles, and responsibilities in protecting communities and maintaining business continuity. Additionally, it highlights key elements for a successful emergency plan and the stages of a crisis.
