Directive Principles of State Policy in India

Fundamental Rights and Duties

• The Supreme Court emphasized the importance of equality in the case mentioned.

Fundamental Rights

• Freedom of speech, assembly, and association are included in the fundamental right of freedom of expression.
• The right to personal liberty was established as a fundamental right in the Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978) case.

Directive Principles vs. Fundamental Rights

• The main difference between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles is that Fundamental Rights are enforceable by law, while Directive Principles are guiding principles for the government.

Article 33 and 39

• Article 33 of the Indian Constitution directs the State to ensure equality of opportunity and status.
• Article 39(d) focuses on ensuring that there is equal pay for equal work for both men and women.

Article 51A

• Article 51A(g) emphasizes the importance of protecting and improving the natural environment.
• Article 51A requires citizens to eradicate practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
• The duty to develop scientific temper and spirit of inquiry highlights the importance of critical thinking and questioning.

Omissions

• The duties described in the text do not cover the aspect of national security.