18 Questions
What percentage of the world's ambassador appointments do women hold, according to the study by Towns and Niklasson (2017)?
15%
Which region is known to have noticeable differences in gender representation in diplomatic positions, as demonstrated by Aggestam and Svensson (2018)?
Asia
In senior negotiation positions, what percentage of negotiators are women, according to a study by UN Women (2012)?
9%
What percentage of female participation is observed in chief mediator roles, based on the study from UN Women (2012)?
2.5%
Which role do women tend to participate in more often according to the text?
Observers and public consultants
How much of the top diplomatic positions are held by males, as mentioned in the text?
75%
What has nurtured homosocial environments in diplomacy?
Exclusively male presence
Why is there much less attention given to the gendered nature of diplomacy?
Underlying assumption of gender equality by adding more women
What does feminist institutionalist scholarship provide insightful accounts of?
Gender in institutional structures, processes, and practices
Why is it important to probe the challenges faced by men, women, and transgender people in everyday diplomatic practices?
To understand the gender dynamics in diplomacy
What do policy makers currently show a strong interest in regarding women in diplomacy?
Numerical representation
Why is there a paradox in addressing gendered nature in diplomacy?
Assumption that more women will automatically lead to gender equality
Who became the first diplomat to openly transition while posted at the US embassy in Bucharest, Romania?
Robyn McCutcheon
Which of the following countries has not included the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda in their foreign policy?
France
In the context of gender and diplomacy, who worked actively for the inclusion of transgender diplomats under the Obama administration?
Bier
Which two edited volumes are mentioned in the text as breaking new ground by focusing more on contemporary diplomacy and the policy-practice divide?
Aggestam and Towns
What statement did Robyn McCutcheon make in a New York Times interview regarding her transition while working at the US embassy in Bucharest?
'Today, I am just another woman in the Foreign Service.'
What has been noted about scholarly work on gender and diplomacy according to the text?
It is lagging behind despite some recent growth.
Study Notes
Diplomacy and Gender
- Diplomacy has traditionally been a male-dominated field, fostering homosocial environments with ingrained masculinity norms and practices.
- Informal barriers in these contexts exclude and hinder others from acting efficiently as diplomats.
Representation of Women in Diplomacy
- There is a growing interest in increasing the numerical representation of women in diplomacy.
- However, little attention is given to the gendered nature of diplomacy, assuming that adding more women will lead to greater gender equality.
- Formal barriers need to be overcome, but it's also essential to examine the challenges and advantages men, women, and transgender people face in everyday diplomatic practices.
Feminist Institutionalism and Diplomacy
- Feminist institutionalist scholarship provides insights into how gender operates in institutional structures, processes, and practices.
- Studies have mainly focused on Europe and North America, confirming that top diplomats are mostly male.
Women's Participation in Diplomacy
- Women globally hold 15% of the world's ambassador appointments, with no openly non-binary ambassadors.
- Women constitute only 9% of negotiators, 2.5% of chief mediators, and 4% of signatories, with men carrying out core negotiating activities.
- Women tend to participate as observers, public consultants, or in administrative and supportive roles.
Regional Differences and Progress
- Some countries, like Australia, Sweden, Canada, and Norway, have included the WPS agenda in their foreign policies, promoting greater inclusion of women in peace diplomacy.
- There have been efforts to include transgender people in certain Foreign Service Organizations, such as the US Department of State.
Lacunae in the Field of Diplomacy and Gender
- Despite growth in the subfield of diplomatic history, there are still significant gaps in the field, leaving many questions about the gendered dynamics of diplomacy.
Test your knowledge on how diplomacy has traditionally been male-dominated, leading to homosocial environments and barriers that exclude women from acting efficiently as diplomats. Explore the topic of gender diversity in diplomatic institutions.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
