Diploma First Year: Basic Electricity MCQs

MCQs on Diploma First Year, First Unit: Basic Electricity

Electric Circuits

1. What is an electric circuit?

   • A closed path that allows electric current to flow, consisting of a source of voltage, conductors, and possibly various components like resistors, capacitors, or switches.

2. How does electricity travel through a circuit?

   • By following the path created by conductors to complete a closed loop, allowing electrons to flow from the source of voltage to the ground or back to the source.

Ohm's Law

3. What is Ohm's Law?

   • A fundamental relationship describing the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electric circuit.

4. What are the three fundamental parts of Ohm's Law?

   • a) Voltage (V) = Current (I) × Resistance (R)
   • b) Current (I) = Voltage (V) / Resistance (R)
   • c) Resistance (R) = Voltage (V) / Current (I)

5. What unit is used to measure resistance in Ohm's Law?

   • Ohm (Ω)

Electrical Components

6. What is a resistor?

   • A component that limits the flow of electric current by producing a voltage across its terminals, proportional to the current passing through it.

7. What is a capacitor?

   • A device that stores electrical energy in an electric field by accumulating electric charge in its two conductors, separated by a dielectric.

8. What is an inductor?

   • A passive electrical component that stores energy in the form of a magnetic field, created by an electric current passing through it.

Series and Parallel Circuits

9. What is a series circuit?

   • A circuit in which the components are connected end to end, so that the same current flows through all components and the total voltage is the sum of the individual voltages.

10. What is a parallel circuit?

    • A circuit in which the components are connected side by side, so that the same voltage is applied across all components, and the total current is the sum of the currents through each component.

11. What is the difference between series and parallel circuits regarding resistance and voltage?

    • In series circuits, the total resistance equals the sum of individual resistances, while the total voltage is the sum of individual voltages. In parallel circuits, the total resistance is less than the smallest individual resistance, and the total voltage is the same as the individual voltages.

Voltage and Current

12. What is voltage?

    • The electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit, measured in volts (V).

13. What is current?

    • The rate at which electric charge flows through a conductor, measured in amperes (A).

14. What is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance?

    • Voltage (V) = Current (I) × Resistance (R).

15. What is Kirchhoff's voltage law?

    • A statement of conservation of energy in electric circuits, which states that the total voltage around a closed loop is equal to zero.

16. What is Kirchhoff's current law?

    • A statement of the law of conservation of charge in electric circuits, which states that the total current flowing into a node is equal to the total current flowing out of the node.

These fundamental concepts are the foundation of electrical engineering. Understanding these basics will open the door to more challenging topics and applications in an exciting and ever-evolving field.