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Questions and Answers
In an N-type semiconductor, what effect does adding a pentavalent impurity have on the material's charge carriers?
In an N-type semiconductor, what effect does adding a pentavalent impurity have on the material's charge carriers?
- It creates an equal number of free electrons and holes, maintaining a neutral charge.
- It removes existing free electrons, reducing the overall conductivity.
- It creates an excess of holes, making them the majority carrier.
- It introduces many free electrons, making them the majority carrier. (correct)
What is the primary difference between an intrinsic semiconductor and an extrinsic semiconductor?
What is the primary difference between an intrinsic semiconductor and an extrinsic semiconductor?
- An intrinsic semiconductor conducts electricity better than an extrinsic semiconductor.
- An intrinsic semiconductor has a higher operating temperature than an extrinsic semiconductor.
- An intrinsic semiconductor is only used in high-power applications, while an extrinsic semiconductor is for low-power applications.
- An intrinsic semiconductor is pure, while an extrinsic semiconductor has impurities added to it. (correct)
For a P-type semiconductor, if a trivalent impurity is introduced, how does this affect the concentration of charge carriers?
For a P-type semiconductor, if a trivalent impurity is introduced, how does this affect the concentration of charge carriers?
- Maintains an equal balance of free electrons and holes.
- Increases the number of holes, making them the majority carrier. (correct)
- Increases the number of free electrons, making them the majority carrier.
- Reduces both the number of free electrons and holes equally.
In the context of semiconductor diodes, what occurs at the PN junction when a P-type and an N-type material are joined?
In the context of semiconductor diodes, what occurs at the PN junction when a P-type and an N-type material are joined?
What is the key difference in majority carrier type between an N-type and a P-type semiconductor?
What is the key difference in majority carrier type between an N-type and a P-type semiconductor?
Flashcards
Intrinsic Semiconductor
Intrinsic Semiconductor
A semiconductor with no impurities added. Its conductivity depends on temperature.
Extrinsic Semiconductor
Extrinsic Semiconductor
A semiconductor with added impurities to modify its electrical properties.
N-Type Semiconductor
N-Type Semiconductor
A semiconductor doped with pentavalent impurities, resulting in excess free electrons.
P-Type Semiconductor
P-Type Semiconductor
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P-N Junction
P-N Junction
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Study Notes
- Unit 4 focuses on diodes and rectifiers.
- The objective is to describe basic diode characteristics.
- The goal is to analyze the operation of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.
- To describe the operation of power supplies.
Semiconductor Basics
- An intrinsic semiconductor is discussed.
- A 2-D crystal lattice of silicon is referenced (Figure 1).
- Covalent bonds and valence electrons are shown in the crystal lattice diagram.
Extrinsic Semiconductor
- An N-type semiconductor is defined via Pentavalent impurity addition.
- The N-region contains many free electrons (majority carriers) and few thermally generated holes (minority carriers).
- Adding phosphorus to a pure silicon crystal creates a surplus electron.
- A P-type semiconductor is defined via Trivalent impurity addition.
- The P–region has many free holes (majority carriers) and few thermally generated electrons (minority carriers).
- Boron is added as an impurity.
P N Junction
- Diffusion occurs between the N-region and P-region.
- The Depletion Layer is shown.
- A diagram shows positive donor ions and negative receptor ions.
- Potential difference is shown across the junction.
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Description
Explanation of semiconductor basics: intrinsic & extrinsic types. Includes discussion of N-type and P-type semiconductors, focusing on the impact of adding impurities such as phosphorus and boron. Describes the diffusion process in P-N junctions.
