Dilution Methods for Cardiac Output and Blood Flow Monitoring Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT true for the indicator used in dye-dilution methods?

  • Easy to determine concentration
  • Not toxic
  • Mixes well with blood
  • Retained by the body (correct)
  • What is the indicator used in dye-dilution methods?

  • Indocyanine dye (correct)
  • Cardiogreen
  • Saline
  • Temperature
  • Which device records the dye concentration in the blood after a known dye sample was injected upstream?

  • Systemic artery
  • Thermistor
  • Swan Ganz catheter (correct)
  • Densitometer
  • Which method is mostly used in dye dilution?

    <p>Dye-dilution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of the dye-dilution method?

    <p>Most accurate in high-cardiac output states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the dye-dilution method?

    <p>Dye unstable/photosensitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the currently most widely used technique for cardiac output monitoring?

    <p>Swan Ganz catheter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many measurements should be averaged in thermodilution for accurate results?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the acceptable difference between each of the three measurements in thermodilution?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT suitable for the dye-dilution method?

    <p>Intra-cardiac shunts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging test uses sound waves to measure the frequency shift of a particular sample volume to determine the speed and direction of blood flow?

    <p>Doppler ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of thoracic electrical bioimpedence as a method of determining cardiac output?

    <p>Non-invasive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique uses computer algorithms to measure pulsatile changes in the conductivity of the thorax to determine stroke volume, cardiac output, myocardial contractility, and afterload?

    <p>Thoracic electrical bioimpedence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor(s) can affect the accuracy of thoracic electrical bioimpedence?

    <p>Aortic regurgitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique measures the mean velocity of blood flow by inducing voltage proportional to the velocity of motion in an electrical conductor?

    <p>Blood flow probes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is particularly useful in the cardiovascular setting and can be used to assess insufficient valves, left ventricular function, and ejection fraction?

    <p>ECHO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor(s) can affect the accuracy of Doppler ultrasound?

    <p>Thick chest walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique measures the velocity of a fluid with ultrasound to calculate volume flow?

    <p>Doppler ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique uses electromagnetic induction to measure the mean velocity of blood flow?

    <p>Blood flow probes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is time consuming, requires bulky equipment, and an experienced operator?

    <p>ECHO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the computation of cardiac output using the thermodilution method?

    <p>CO = K \cdot G \cdot G \cdot V \cdot (T - T_{B}) \cdot U_{B}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the ideal thermodilution curve?

    <p>The volume of cardiac output is inversely proportional to the area under the curve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patient-generated errors can affect the accuracy of thermodilution?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following technique-generated errors can affect the accuracy of thermodilution?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of thermodilution?

    <p>Not accurate in the presence of tricuspid regurgitation and intra-cardiac shunts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a parameter measured by the FloTrac system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used by the FloTrac system to calculate cardiac output?

    <p>CO = SV \cdot HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is considered noninvasive for measuring cardiac output?

    <p>Doppler ultrasonography and echocardiographic imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of measuring cardiac output assesses blood flow velocity?

    <p>Doppler</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of the FloTrac system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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