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What is the term "digital" derived from?
What is the term "digital" derived from?
The way computers perform operations by counting digits.
Digital electronics were initially confined to computer systems.
Digital electronics were initially confined to computer systems.
True
Name three examples of applications for digital technology, beyond computer systems.
Name three examples of applications for digital technology, beyond computer systems.
Television, communications systems, and radar.
What is the difference between digital and analog electronics?
What is the difference between digital and analog electronics?
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Provide an example of an analog quantity in nature.
Provide an example of an analog quantity in nature.
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Air temperature on a summer day can change from, say, 70°F to 71°F instantly.
Air temperature on a summer day can change from, say, 70°F to 71°F instantly.
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Analog quantities are represented by a series of 1s and 0s in a digital code.
Analog quantities are represented by a series of 1s and 0s in a digital code.
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What is the process of converting an analog quantity to a digital representation called?
What is the process of converting an analog quantity to a digital representation called?
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The digital representation of an analog quantity is a perfect replica of the original quantity.
The digital representation of an analog quantity is a perfect replica of the original quantity.
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Digital representation has advantages over analog representation in electronics applications.
Digital representation has advantages over analog representation in electronics applications.
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List two advantages of digital data over analog data in electronics applications.
List two advantages of digital data over analog data in electronics applications.
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Digital data can be stored more compactly and reproduced with higher accuracy and clarity than analog data.
Digital data can be stored more compactly and reproduced with higher accuracy and clarity than analog data.
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What is the effect of noise on digital data compared to analog data? Explain briefly.
What is the effect of noise on digital data compared to analog data? Explain briefly.
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In a basic audio public address system, what picks up sound waves?
In a basic audio public address system, what picks up sound waves?
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What is the name of the small analog voltage produced by a microphone?
What is the name of the small analog voltage produced by a microphone?
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What component amplifies the audio signal in a basic public address system?
What component amplifies the audio signal in a basic public address system?
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The sound waves produced by a speaker are of lower volume than the original sound waves picked up by the microphone.
The sound waves produced by a speaker are of lower volume than the original sound waves picked up by the microphone.
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Which two types of electronic circuits are used in a compact disk (CD) player?
Which two types of electronic circuits are used in a compact disk (CD) player?
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What is the main role of the laser diode in a CD player?
What is the main role of the laser diode in a CD player?
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The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) converts digital data into an analog signal that mirrors the original music.
The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) converts digital data into an analog signal that mirrors the original music.
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What role does a linear amplifier play in a CD player?
What role does a linear amplifier play in a CD player?
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What is the name of the process involved in recording music onto a CD?
What is the name of the process involved in recording music onto a CD?
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What is the term for a single binary digit?
What is the term for a single binary digit?
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What is a byte?
What is a byte?
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How are the two binary digits, 1 and 0, represented in digital circuits using voltage levels?
How are the two binary digits, 1 and 0, represented in digital circuits using voltage levels?
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The system where a 1 is represented by a HIGH and a 0 is represented by a LOW is called negative logic.
The system where a 1 is represented by a HIGH and a 0 is represented by a LOW is called negative logic.
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The binary number system uses ten digits, 0 through 9.
The binary number system uses ten digits, 0 through 9.
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Why does a digital system understand binary numbers and not decimal numbers?
Why does a digital system understand binary numbers and not decimal numbers?
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What is the base of the binary number system?
What is the base of the binary number system?
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What determines the weight or value of a digit in a binary number?
What determines the weight or value of a digit in a binary number?
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What is the most significant bit (MSB) in a binary number?
What is the most significant bit (MSB) in a binary number?
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The value of each digit in a binary number is determined by multiplying the digit by its weight.
The value of each digit in a binary number is determined by multiplying the digit by its weight.
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Four bits allow us to count from zero to 15.
Four bits allow us to count from zero to 15.
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What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 1101101?
What is the decimal equivalent of the binary number 1101101?
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What is the decimal equivalent of the fractional binary number 0.1011?
What is the decimal equivalent of the fractional binary number 0.1011?
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Name two methods for converting decimal numbers to binary.
Name two methods for converting decimal numbers to binary.
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What are the four basic rules for adding binary digits?
What are the four basic rules for adding binary digits?
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What are the four basic rules for subtracting binary digits?
What are the four basic rules for subtracting binary digits?
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Binary multiplication is performed in a similar way to decimal multiplication.
Binary multiplication is performed in a similar way to decimal multiplication.
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Binary division follows a different procedure compared to decimal division.
Binary division follows a different procedure compared to decimal division.
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What are the main advantages of digital signals over analog signals?
What are the main advantages of digital signals over analog signals?
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Study Notes
Introduction
- Digital is derived from the way computers operate, counting digits.
- Digital technology is used in many areas including computers, communication systems, and medical instruments.
- Electronic circuits are categorized as digital and analog.
- Analog quantities have continuous values.
- Digital quantities have discrete values.
- Natural quantities like temperature, time, pressure, and sound are typically analog.
- Taking readings of analog quantities at discrete points in time creates a sampled-value representation.
- Converting an analog quantity into a form that can be represented as a digital code requires sampling.
- The sampled values are represented by a digital code, typically a series of 1s and 0s.
- The representation doesn't show the analog quantity but how it would be represented digitally.
Analog Electronic System
- A simple example is a public address system.
- Sound waves are analog in nature.
- Microphones convert sound waves into a small analog voltage.
- The audio signal is a constantly changing voltage.
- This audio signal is sent to a linear amplifier.
- The amplified signal is then sent to the speaker.
- This change in voltage makes the amplified audio signal sound much louder.
A System using Digital and Analog Methods
- Compact disc (CD) players use both digital and analog.
- Music is stored digitally on the CD.
- A laser diode optical system transfers data to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
- The DAC turns digital data into an analog signal which is amplified and sent to the speaker.
- The reverse process (analog-to-digital converter - ADC) happens to store the music originally.
Binary Digits
- In binary, 1 and 0 are called bits.
- 8 bits together are a byte.
- In digital circuits, higher voltage = 1 (HIGH) and lower voltage = 0 (LOW).
- This is called positive logic.
Binary Values
- Binary values are represented by 0s and 1s, or other symbols.
- This is used to express numbers, letters, symbols etc.
Decimal and Binary Systems
- The decimal system uses 10 digits (0-9) with a base of 10.
- In a decimal number, each digit's value depends on its place value (powers of 10).
- Example: 47 = (4 × 10) + (7 × 1).
- The binary system has 2 digits (0 and 1) with a base of 2.
- In a binary number, each digit's value depends on its place value (powers of 2).
Binary Number System
- The binary number system uses a base of 2 (bits).
- Positions in the binary number correspond to powers of 2
Binary Addition
- The rules of binary arithmetic for addition include the following:
- 0 + 0 = 0
- 0 + 1 = 1
- 1 + 0 = 1
- 1 + 1 = 10 (1 with a carry of 1)
Binary Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division
- Rules for performing binary subtraction, multiplication, and division are similar to decimal arithmetic, using binary representations.
Converting Decimal to Binary
- Methods for converting decimal numbers to their binary equivalents:
- Sum-of-weights method
- Repeated division by 2 method
Converting Decimal Fractions to Binary
- Methods for converting decimal fractions to binary:
- Sum-of-weights method
- Repeated multiplication by 2 method
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental differences between digital and analog technologies. It covers how digital technology operates on discrete values compared to the continuous values of analog systems. Key concepts such as sampling and digital representation of analog signals are also discussed.
