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Questions and Answers
Which symbol represents the NAND gate?
The output of a NOT gate is the same as its input.
False
What is the output of a buffer when the input is A?
A
What does the output of an AND gate represent?
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Which expression represents the OR gate?
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What does the Exclusive-OR (XOR) gate output?
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How does the Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) gate behave?
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Which of the following expressions are involved in the NOR gate?
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Which logic gate is known as a universal function capable of simulating other basic gates?
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What is the output condition of an Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) gate?
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Which of the following gates gives a low output if either input is high but not both?
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Which gate outputs the opposite of what an AND gate would produce?
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Which statement about the NOT gate is correct?
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In a NAND gate, what is the relationship between the inputs A and B to the output Q?
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What is the primary function characteristic of a NOT gate?
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How does the output of an OR gate change when both inputs are low?
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In the context of logic gates, what does the symbol ~ represent?
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Which of the following gates produces a high output when both its inputs are the same?
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Study Notes
NAND Gate
- Consists of an AND gate followed by a NOT gate.
- Output is only LOW when BOTH inputs are HIGH.
- Can be represented by a combination of an AND Gate and a NOT gate.
NOT Gate
- Also known as an inverter.
- Produces the opposite logic state of the input signal.
- If the input is HIGH, the output is LOW and vice versa.
Buffer
- A type of gate that simply passes the input signal to the output without any alteration.
- No logic operation is performed.
AND Gate
- Output is only HIGH when all inputs are HIGH.
- Represented by a dot (.) between inputs.
OR Gate
- Output is HIGH if at least one input is HIGH.
- Represented by a plus (+) symbol between the inputs.
Exclusive-OR (XOR) Gate
- Output is HIGH only when one of the inputs is HIGH, but not both.
- Represented by a symbol that looks like an addition sign with a circle around it.
Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) Gate
- Output is HIGH only when both inputs are the same (either both HIGH or both LOW).
- Can be implemented by combining an XOR gate and a NOT gate.
NOR Gate
- Output is HIGH only when both inputs are LOW.
- Can be constructed using OR and NOT gates.
Logic Gates
- Digital systems are constructed using logic gates.
- The basic logic gates are AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, EXOR and EXNOR.
- These gates are represented through truth tables.
AND Gate
- The AND gate outputs a high signal only if all inputs are high.
OR Gate
- The OR gate outputs a high signal if at least one input is high.
NOT Gate
- The NOT gate inverts its input, meaning a high input results in a low output and vice versa.
NAND Gate
- The NAND gate is the inverse of the AND gate; it outputs a low signal only if all inputs are high.
NOR Gate
- The NOR gate is the inverse of the OR gate; it outputs a low signal if at least one input is high.
EXOR Gate
- The EXOR gate outputs a high signal if only one input is high, and a low signal if both inputs are either high or low.
EXNOR Gate
- The EXNOR gate is the inverse of the EXOR gate.
- it outputs a high signal only if both inputs are the same (either both high or both low).
Universal Gates
- The NAND and NOR gates are considered "universal functions" because they can be used to simulate the behavior of any other basic logic gate.
NAND Gate
- The NAND gate has two inputs (A and B) and one output (Q).
- It outputs a "1" (high) only when both inputs are "0" (low).
- It is called a "NAND" gate because it performs the opposite operation of an AND gate.
NOT Gate
- The NOT gate (also known as an inverter) has one input (A) and one inverted output (~A).
- It inverts the input signal.
- If the input is "1" (high), the output is "0" (low), and vice versa.
Buffer
- The buffer gate has one input (A) and one output (A).
- It simply copies the input to the output.
- It is used to amplify the signal or isolate parts of a circuit.
AND Gate
- The AND gate has two inputs (A and B) and one output (A.B or A*B).
- It outputs a "1" (high) only when both inputs are "1" (high).
- It represents logical conjunction, meaning both inputs must be true for the output to be true.
OR Gate
- The OR gate has two inputs (A and B) and one output (A+B).
- It outputs a "1" (high) if at least one of the inputs is "1" (high).
- It represents logical disjunction, meaning at least one input must be true for the output to be true.
Exclusive-OR (XOR) Gate
- The XOR gate has two inputs (A and B) and one output (Q).
- It outputs a "1" (high) if and only if one of the inputs is "1" (high) and the other is "0" (low).
- It represents exclusive disjunction, meaning only one input can be true for the output to be true.
Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) Gate
- The XNOR gate has two inputs (A and B) and one output (Q).
- It outputs a "1" (high) if both inputs are the same (either both "1" or both "0") and a "0" (low) if they are different.
- It is also called an equality gate because it produces a "1" only when both inputs are equal.
NOR Gate
- The NOR gate has two inputs (A and B) and one output (~A + ~B).
- It outputs a "1" (high) only when both inputs are "0" (low).
- It performs the opposite operation of an OR gate, hence the name "NOR".
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Description
Explore the fundamental digital logic gates, including NAND, NOT, AND, OR, XOR, and XNOR gates. This quiz covers their operations, symbols, and truth tables. Test your understanding of how these gates interact and function in digital circuits.
