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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of digital image processing?
What is the primary purpose of digital image processing?
- To organize images based on their metadata
- To reduce the file size of images
- To convert images into video format
- To allow for the enhancement of image quality and characteristics (correct)
Which color model is primarily used in digital image processing?
Which color model is primarily used in digital image processing?
- HSV color model
- CMYK color model
- RGB color model (correct)
- HSB color model
What is an application of medical imaging technology?
What is an application of medical imaging technology?
- Generating images of human bodies for clinical analysis (correct)
- Recording sound waves for acoustics
- Capturing geographical changes through satellite imagery
- Detecting fraudulent activity in banking
Which of the following best describes the RGB color model's basis?
Which of the following best describes the RGB color model's basis?
In image processing, what role does a frame grabber play?
In image processing, what role does a frame grabber play?
Which area has seen recent developments in the application of digital image processing?
Which area has seen recent developments in the application of digital image processing?
Which of the following is NOT a field that utilizes digital image processing?
Which of the following is NOT a field that utilizes digital image processing?
What technology allows for object detection at night using heat signatures?
What technology allows for object detection at night using heat signatures?
What is the primary role of the cornea in the eye?
What is the primary role of the cornea in the eye?
What process is used to convert an image into digital form?
What process is used to convert an image into digital form?
What happens to light as it passes through the iris?
What happens to light as it passes through the iris?
How does a photographic negative transform an image?
How does a photographic negative transform an image?
Which of the following best describes a histogram in image processing?
Which of the following best describes a histogram in image processing?
What is gamma transform commonly known as?
What is gamma transform commonly known as?
What occurs during the digitization of coordinates in an image?
What occurs during the digitization of coordinates in an image?
In a 256 grey level histogram, what does each bin represent?
In a 256 grey level histogram, what does each bin represent?
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Study Notes
Digital Image Processing
- Defined as using computer algorithms to process digital images.
- Deals directly with images composed of pixels.
- Pixels have spatial coordinates and intensity (gray level) values.
- Colorful images require more information than grayscale, employing red, green, and blue (RGB) values.
RGB Color Model
- Based on the human perception of color, specifically the Young-Helmholtz theory of trichromatic color vision.
- Developed by Thomas Young and Herman Helmholtz in the 19th century.
Image Processing Applications
- Improving image quality for human viewing.
- Extracting descriptive characteristics from images.
Specific Applications
- Photography: Generating images using chemical or electronic sensors.
- Remote Sensing: Gathering information about Earth using remote sensors.
- Medical Imaging: Generating images of the human body for diagnostic purposes.
- Forensics: Utilizing science and technology for legal systems.
- Transportation: Emerging applications in recent years.
- Military: Applications in object detection, tracking, and 3D reconstruction, particularly for night vision using infrared imaging.
Image Processing System
- Typically consists of a light source, sensor system (e.g., CCD camera), frame grabber, computer with processing software, input/output interfaces, screen, and output devices (e.g., printers).
Human Eye as an Imaging System
- Light enters the eye through the cornea.
- Passes through aqueous humor, then reaches the iris.
- Iris controls the amount of light entering the pupil.
- Light then reaches the lens, which adjusts focus based on object distance.
Image Generation and Digitization
- Images are formed by the interaction of light and reflecting energy from various sources.
- Digitization converts continuous images into digital representations.
- Sampling refers to digitizing image coordinates.
- Quantization refers to digitizing the amplitude values of pixels.
Intensity Transform in Image Processing
- Photographic Negative Transform: Reverses light and dark values (black becomes white and vice versa).
- Gamma Transform (Power-Law Transform): Alters the contrast of an image by modifying the power-law relationship between input and output intensities.
Histogram in Image Processing
- A statistical representation of the distribution of pixel intensity values in an image.
- Often used in image processing for tasks like contrast enhancement and segmentation.
- Typically uses 256 bins, with each bin representing a specific gray level.
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