Digital Forensics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the best description of volatile data?

  • Data that is stored in a hidden location on a disk drive
  • Data that has been manually deleted by a user
  • Data that is sent across a network to another device
  • Data that is lost when the system is used, such as the swap file and state of network connections (correct)

    • What is digital evidence?

  • Information that has been processed and assembled to be relevant to an investigation (correct)
  • Information that has been encrypted
  • Information that has been deleted from a device
  • Information that has been manipulated to mislead an investigation

    • What is the purpose of a swap file on a Windows system?

  • To store metadata
  • To act as a 'scratch pad' for writing data when additional RAM is needed (correct)
  • To store an installed operating system
  • To create a partition

    • Where would Justin find the swap file on a Windows system?

    <p>In the pagefile.sys file</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of file is a swap file?

    <p>A temporary file</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of examining the system configuration in a digital forensic investigation?

    <p>To identify potential sources of digital evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of attack is likely underway when an email approving a request for funds to be moved from a corporate account to a personal account is sent from a domain not affiliated with the company?

    <p>Phishing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cyberterrorism different from other cybercrimes?

    <p>It is investigated by federal law enforcement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of searching memory in real-time, typically for working with compromised hosts or to identify system abuse?

    <p>Live system forensics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to how long digital evidence is valid?

    <p>Life span</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data changes rapidly and may be lost when a machine is powered down?

    <p>Volatile data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of evidence is an expert witness using when they explain a technical concept to the judge and jury using a high-tech computer animation?

    <p>Demonstrative evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the order of volatility in RFC 3227, what evidence should you collect first on a typical system?

    <p>Volatile data, then file slack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are Windows passwords hashed and stored on the local machine?

    <p>SAM file</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of phishing attack targets a high-value target, such as a senior company executive?

    <p>Whaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best definition of 'forensics'?

    <p>The collection and analysis of digital evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the third task of a system forensics specialist in handling evidence?

    <p>Analyze evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should Devaki do before removing the hard drive from the suspect machine?

    <p>Document the machine's current state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of volatile data?

    <p>The state of network connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a Denial of Service (DoS) attack?

    <p>To prevent legitimate users from accessing a system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Digital Forensic Research Workshop (DFRWS) framework?

    <p>A framework for digital forensics research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should Joey do when investigating a remotely compromised computer that is still running?

    <p>Capture the current memory, running tasks, and live connections, and then shut the computer down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of criminals when committing identity theft?

    <p>To perpetrate financial fraud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an attack vector that cannot be investigated on the victim's machine?

    <p>Dumpster diving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of chain of custody?

    <p>The continuity of control of evidence from collection to court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best approach for a forensic examiner with experience in Windows and Linux to take when extracting data from a Mac OS computer?

    <p>Rely on experience with Windows and Linux to extract data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can attackers leveraging SQL injection be thwarted?

    <p>By disallowing the use of additional characters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three specific steps to follow when handling computer evidence?

    <p>Find, preserve, prepare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a hash?

    <p>A function that is nonreversible, takes variable-length input, produces fixed-length output, and has few or no collisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mistake did Jiang make during the seizure of a suspect computer?

    <p>He stopped to purchase supplies on the way to the lab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that holds that you cannot interact in an environment without altering it in some way?

    <p>The concept of Locard's Exchange Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of developing a plan of action as a forensic investigator?

    <p>To determine which tools are most appropriate for a specific investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Digital Forensics

    • Volatile data refers to information that is lost when the system is powered down, such as the state of network connections and swap files.

    Digital Evidence

    • Digital evidence is information that has been processed and assembled to support a specific finding or determination in an investigation.

    Swap Files

    • Windows uses a swap file, also known as a pagefile, as a "scratch pad" to write data when additional RAM is needed.

    Phishing

    • Phishing is a type of attack where an attacker sends a fake email or message to trick the victim into revealing sensitive information.
    • Phishing attacks are often motivated by financial gain.

    Cyberterrorism

    • Cyberterrorism is a type of cybercrime that is investigated by federal law enforcement agencies.
    • Cyberterrorism attacks are motivated by ideological or political goals, rather than financial gain.

    Live System Forensics

    • Live system forensics is the process of searching memory in real-time, typically to identify system abuse or to work with compromised hosts.

    Information Lifespan

    • The lifespan of information refers to how long it remains valid and can be used as evidence.

    Volatile Data

    • Volatile data changes rapidly and may be lost when the machine that holds it is powered down.
    • Examples of volatile data include the state of network connections, swap files, and running processes.

    Digital Forensic Investigation

    • The order of volatility in digital forensic investigations is:
      1. Volatile data
      2. File system data
      3. System state backup
      4. The registry
      5. Internet traces
    • Forensic investigators should collect evidence in the order of volatility to preserve the most fragile data first.

    Expert Witness

    • An expert witness is a specialist who provides testimony in court to explain technical concepts.
    • Expert witnesses may use high-tech computer animations to explain complex technical concepts.

    Evidence Handling

    • Forensic investigators have three basic tasks related to handling evidence:
      1. Find evidence
      2. Preserve evidence
      3. Analyze evidence
    • The chain of custody is a record of the handling and storage of evidence, including who had access to it and when.

    Network Forensics

    • Network forensics is the process of examining data traffic, including transaction logs and real-time monitoring using sniffers and tracing.

    Rules of Evidence

    • The rules of evidence govern whether, when, how, and why proof of a legal case can be presented in court.

    Forensic Research

    • The Digital Forensic Research Workshop (DFRWS) is a nonprofit organization that aims to enhance the sharing of knowledge and ideas about digital forensics research.

    Identity Theft

    • Identity theft is a type of fraud where criminals steal personal data to impersonate victims.

    Computer Forensics

    • Computer forensics is the process of examining digital data to gather evidence and support investigations.

    Digital Forensic Analysis

    • Digital forensic analysis involves the examination of digital data to identify evidence, reconstruct events, and support investigations.
    • Digital forensic analysts should develop a plan of action that covers how to gather evidence and which tools are most appropriate for a specific investigation.

    Locard's Principle

    • Locard's Principle holds that you cannot interact in an environment without altering it in some way, without leaving some trace.

    Chain of Custody

    • The chain of custody is a record of the handling and storage of evidence, including who had access to it and when.
    • The chain of custody is used to establish the authenticity and integrity of evidence.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of digital forensics concepts, including data types and information processing. Evaluate your understanding of volatile data and its significance in investigations.

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