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Questions and Answers
What is the primary advantage of a synchronous operation in flip-flops?
What is the primary advantage of a synchronous operation in flip-flops?
- More output possibilities
- Faster operation due to simultaneous clocking (correct)
- Higher component count
- Increased complexity in design
How many outputs are activated by a single input in a 1-to-4 demultiplexer?
How many outputs are activated by a single input in a 1-to-4 demultiplexer?
- 2
- 1 (correct)
- 4
- 3
Which equation characterizes the output of a D Flip-Flop?
Which equation characterizes the output of a D Flip-Flop?
- Qn+1 = JQ’ + K’Q
- Qn+1 = TQ’ + T’Q
- Qn+1 = D (correct)
- Qn+1 = S + R
What is a significant disadvantage of asynchronous counters?
What is a significant disadvantage of asynchronous counters?
What occurs in a synchronous decade counter when it reaches a count of 10?
What occurs in a synchronous decade counter when it reaches a count of 10?
What is the primary function of a full adder in digital circuits?
What is the primary function of a full adder in digital circuits?
Which logic gate is used to implement the SUM output of a half-adder?
Which logic gate is used to implement the SUM output of a half-adder?
What is the output of a half-subtractor when both inputs are 1?
What is the output of a half-subtractor when both inputs are 1?
In a 4-bit binary adder, what is the maximum possible sum output?
In a 4-bit binary adder, what is the maximum possible sum output?
What is the primary purpose of a look-ahead carry generator in a binary adder?
What is the primary purpose of a look-ahead carry generator in a binary adder?
Which type of decoder converts binary information from 3 input lines to 8 output lines?
Which type of decoder converts binary information from 3 input lines to 8 output lines?
What is the output of a BCD to 7-segment decoder for the input BCD code 0101?
What is the output of a BCD to 7-segment decoder for the input BCD code 0101?
Which type of Flip-Flop is used to eliminate the indeterminate state in an SR Flip-Flop?
Which type of Flip-Flop is used to eliminate the indeterminate state in an SR Flip-Flop?
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Study Notes
Digital Circuit Functions
- Full adder combines two binary digits and a carry input to produce a sum and carry output.
- Half-adder uses a XOR gate for SUM output, providing a way to add two bits without carry input.
- A half-subtractor outputs a difference of 0 and borrow of 0 when both inputs are 1.
Binary Addition
- A 4-bit binary adder can yield a maximum sum output of 15 when adding the largest 4-bit binary numbers.
- Look-ahead carry generators enhance binary adder performance by reducing carry propagation delay.
Decoders and Multiplexers
- A 3-to-8 decoder translates 3 input lines into 8 output lines.
- A 2-to-4 decoder outputs Y1 = 1 when inputs A=1 and B=0.
- Multiplexers (MUX) select one input from many to route it to a single output, with a 4-to-1 multiplexer requiring 2 selection lines.
Flip-Flops and Counters
- D Flip-Flops simplify SR Flip-Flops by eliminating the indeterminate state, with the characteristic equation Qn+1 = D.
- Synchronous counters are faster than asynchronous counters due to simultaneous clocking.
Demultiplexers and Encoders
- A 1-to-4 demultiplexer activates one output for each input.
- Priority encoders convert multiple inputs to fewer outputs, prioritizing the highest input value.
Counters and Shift Registers
- A 4-bit binary counter starting from 0000 will display 1010 after 10 clock pulses.
- Bidirectional shift registers permit data to be shifted left or right, offering flexibility in data manipulation.
- Synchronous decade counters reset to 0 upon reaching a count of 10.
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