Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the salivary glands?
What is the primary function of the salivary glands?
The pharynx is only part of the digestive system.
The pharynx is only part of the digestive system.
False
What is the name of the tube that food travels through to reach the stomach?
What is the name of the tube that food travels through to reach the stomach?
oesophagus
The stomach turns the bolus into __________.
The stomach turns the bolus into __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the parts of the digestive system with their primary functions:
Match the parts of the digestive system with their primary functions:
Signup and view all the answers
Which structure prevents food from entering the respiratory tract?
Which structure prevents food from entering the respiratory tract?
Signup and view all the answers
Gastric juices secreted by the stomach wall digest carbohydrates.
Gastric juices secreted by the stomach wall digest carbohydrates.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the length of the duodenum?
What is the length of the duodenum?
Signup and view all the answers
The small intestine is lined with folds called __________.
The small intestine is lined with folds called __________.
Signup and view all the answers
Which process in the digestive system is known as peristalsis?
Which process in the digestive system is known as peristalsis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main role of bile in the digestive system?
What is the main role of bile in the digestive system?
Signup and view all the answers
The jejunum is the last section of the small intestine.
The jejunum is the last section of the small intestine.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of mechanical digestion?
What is the primary purpose of mechanical digestion?
Signup and view all the answers
The small intestine is approximately _______ metres long.
The small intestine is approximately _______ metres long.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the digestive organs with their primary functions:
Match the digestive organs with their primary functions:
Signup and view all the answers
Which structure in the small intestine increases the surface area for absorption?
Which structure in the small intestine increases the surface area for absorption?
Signup and view all the answers
The large intestine is narrower than the small intestine.
The large intestine is narrower than the small intestine.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the substance that forms when chyme is transformed into the milky fluid?
What is the substance that forms when chyme is transformed into the milky fluid?
Signup and view all the answers
The process of expelling waste from the body is known as _______.
The process of expelling waste from the body is known as _______.
Signup and view all the answers
What function does the pancreas serve in the digestive system?
What function does the pancreas serve in the digestive system?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Digestive System Overview
- The digestive system comprises the digestive tract and accessory glands.
- The digestive tract is a long tube, including the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus.
Mouth
- The mouth mechanically and chemically digests food.
- Chewing (mastication) breaks down food.
- The tongue manipulates food and contains taste buds.
- Salivary glands produce saliva, initiating carbohydrate digestion.
- Saliva mixes with food, forming a bolus.
Pharynx
- The pharynx is a shared passageway for both food and air.
- The epiglottis, a flap-like structure, prevents food from entering the respiratory tract.
Esophagus
- Peristaltic movements propel food to the stomach.
Stomach
- The stomach connects to the esophagus via the cardia and to the small intestine via the pylorus.
- Stomach muscles mechanically digest food.
- Gastric juices, containing enzymes like pepsin, chemically break down proteins.
- Food is converted into chyme.
Small Intestine
- The small intestine is a long, coiled tube.
- The duodenum receives chyme and digestive juices from the liver and pancreas.
- Liver bile aids lipid digestion.
- Pancreatic juices neutralize stomach acidity.
- Intestinal villi increase surface area for absorption.
- Nutrients pass into the bloodstream through capillaries;
- The small intestine consists of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
Large Intestine
- The large intestine (wider than the small intestine) absorbs water and minerals.
- The colon houses gut flora which processes undigested materials.
- Waste is expelled through the anus (egestion).
Accessory Digestive Glands
- Salivary glands secrete saliva containing amylase (carbohydrate enzyme).
- The liver is the largest gland, producing bile for lipid digestion.
- Bile is stored in the gallbladder.
- The pancreas secretes pancreatic juices and hormones.
Digestion Processes
- Mechanical Digestion: Processes that reduce food size (mastication, insalivation, peristalsis).
- Chemical Digestion: Processes breaking down food into nutrients (mouth, stomach, small intestine).
Absorption in the Small Intestine
- The highly folded small intestine's structure greatly increases its absorptive surface area (approx. 200 m²).
- Villi and microvilli further enhance absorption.
Absorption in the Large Intestine
- Water and minerals are absorbed in the large intestine.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the key components of the digestive system, including the digestive tract and its accessory glands. This quiz covers the functions of different parts such as the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach, highlighting their roles in digestion.
