Digestive System Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a major complication of peptic ulcer?

Gastric perforation (correct)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Gallstones

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

What is the role of diet in the development of diverticulitis lesions?

High sugar diet decreases the risk

High protein diet decreases the risk

High fat diet decreases the risk

High fiber diet decreases the risk (correct)

What are the three major complications of peptic ulcer?

Hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis

Gallstones, pancreatitis, cholecystitis

Hemorrhage, perforation, gastric outlet obstruction (correct)

Gastric perforation, gastric cancer, anemia

Which eating disturbance is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating large quantities of food followed by compensatory behaviors to avoid weight gain?

Bulimia nervosa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of intestinal obstruction?

Adhesions Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of high (or upper) intestinal obstruction?

Severe, crampy abdominal pain from vigorous peristalsis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to bowel infarction from compromised blood supply and result in necrosis?

Intussusception Signup and view all the answers

What is the common site for volvulus, impairing blood supply due to twisting of mesentery?

Sigmoid colon Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common complication of diverticulosis?

Perforation Signup and view all the answers

What gene mutation is commonly associated with the development of colorectal cancers?

APC (Adenomatous polyposis coli) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective method for detecting and removing benign pedunculated polyps in the colon?

Colonoscopy Signup and view all the answers

Loss of DNA integrity in colon cancer further risks mutations in which genes?

$Ras$ and $p53$ Signup and view all the answers

Where are tumors more frequent in the digestive system?

$Colon$ Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the elimination of waste and the digestion and absorption of food?

Gastrointestinal tract Signup and view all the answers

What can cause permanent discoloration of teeth during enamel formation?

Tetracycline administration Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to periodontal disease, causing teeth to loosen and fall out?

Gingivitis Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to esophageal obstruction?

Carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the rupture of the esophagus, with a high mortality rate if not treated with surgery and antibiotics?

Boerhaave syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What are the major types of disturbances of the cardiac sphincter mentioned in the text?

Achalasia and incompetent cardiac sphincter Signup and view all the answers

Which organism can lead to chronic gastritis and an increased risk of gastric carcinoma?

Helicobacter pylori Signup and view all the answers

What are some complications of peptic ulcers mentioned in the text?

Chronic hemorrhage, perforation, and obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What is a major cause of death in the developing world due to E. coli infection?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of lactose intolerance?

Crampy abdominal pain Signup and view all the answers

How is Celiac disease diagnosed?

Clinical features, CT scan, endoscopy, and biopsy Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Crohn's disease?

Thickening and scarring of the entire bowel wall Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Digestive System Disorders

E. coli infection can cause severe disease, including prolonged ulceration and bloody diarrhea, and is a major cause of death in the developing world due to dehydration, malnutrition, and electrolyte imbalance.
Acute enteritis is a common, short-duration intestinal infection, often caused by rotavirus in infants and children and norovirus in adults, with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea.
Lactose intolerance results from the inability to digest lactose due to lactase deficiency, with varying prevalence among different ethnic groups and symptoms such as crampy abdominal pain, distention, flatulence, and loose stools.
Celiac disease is a gluten intolerance disorder that leads to atrophy of intestinal villi, malabsorption, chronic diarrhea, and increased cancer risk, diagnosed through clinical features, CT scan, endoscopy, and biopsy, and treated with a gluten-free diet and drugs in refractory cases.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) presents with diarrhea, constipation, or alternating bouts, excessive mucus secretion, and is diagnosed by exclusion of other conditions, with treatment focusing on identifying triggers and improving intestinal motility and emotional tension.
The appendix is a vestigial organ with potential roles in gut flora reservoir, immune function, and past predominant vegetable diet, and its removal is associated with increased GI infections.
Appendicitis is the most common inflammatory lesion of the bowel, characterized by abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant, rebound tenderness, and rigidity, and is treated with antibiotics or surgery to avoid rupture.
Chronic enteritis is less common than acute enteritis, characterized by periodic flare-ups and remissions, systemic manifestations, and has genetic and environmental components.
Crohn's disease involves chronic inflammation and ulceration of the mucosa with thickening and scarring of the entire bowel wall, causing cramping, diarrhea, and increased cancer risk, and is treated with drugs and possible surgical resection.
Ulcerative Colitis can lead to complications such as bleeding, perforation, and cancer, and is treated with antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and surgical resection.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes Crohn's disease and Chronic Ulcerative Colitis, both involving chronic inflammation of the digestive tract, with varying symptoms and treatments.
Both diseases can have severe complications and require a combination of symptomatic, supportive, and disease-specific treatments, including antibiotics, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and surgical resection.

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Description

Test your knowledge of digestive system disorders with this quiz covering a range of conditions such as E. coli infection, lactose intolerance, appendicitis, Crohn's disease, and more. Explore symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for various gastrointestinal ailments.