Digestive System Chapter 23.1 Quiz

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Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract is made up of non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium in the mouth and esophagus?

Lamina propria
Submucosa
Mucosa (correct)
Muscularis mucosa

What is the function of the muscularis layer in the small intestine?

Mechanical digestion and peristalsis (correct)
Synthesis of digestive enzymes
Protection from mechanical damage
Absorption of nutrients

Which accessory digestive organ is responsible for the production of bile?

Pancreas
Gallbladder
Liver (correct)
Salivary glands

What is the function of the submucosal plexus in the gastrointestinal tract?

Nerve supply to the mucosa layer (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract contains loose connective tissue and blood vessels for transporting absorbed nutrients?

Lamina propria (B) Signup and view all the answers

What cells are interspersed within the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract and secrete mucus?

Goblet cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the stomach?

Mix food with gastric juices to form chyme (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the gastric phase of digestion?

To initiate the mechanical breakdown of food (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the small intestine?

Absorb residual water and electrolytes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the mucosal barrier in the stomach?

To protect the stomach wall from the acidic environment (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which accessory organ produces bile salts to emulsify lipids?

Liver (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the development of stomach ulcers?

Both H. pylori infection and NSAID use (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of peristalsis in the digestive system?

Propel food through the alimentary canal (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most important function of the intrinsic factor secreted in the stomach?

Production of red blood cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which organ stores, concentrates, and releases bile to aid in digestion?

Gallbladder (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of gastric emptying for different macronutrients?

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of mechanical digestion in the digestive process?

Expose a larger surface area to digestive juices (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mechanical digestion that occurs in the stomach?

To break down large food particles into smaller ones (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lingual frenulum in the mouth?

Anchors the tongue to the floor of the mouth (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which gland secretes saliva containing IgA antibodies?

Submandibular gland (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of salivary amylase in digestion?

Initiates the breakdown of carbohydrates (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tooth is pointy and used for tearing up food?

Canines (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the epiglottis during swallowing?

Prevents food from entering the trachea (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the esophagus?

Transporting food from the pharynx to the stomach (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about chemical digestion in the large intestine is correct?

Bacteria in the large intestine break down indigestible sugars, causing methane gas production. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT typically present in feces?

Digestive enzymes (B) Signup and view all the answers

The Valsalva maneuver is a voluntary procedure used for which of the following purposes?

To remove feces by increasing intra-abdominal pressure. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the liver's role in digestion is correct?

The hepatic portal vein delivers nutrients from the small intestine to the liver for processing. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about bile is correct?

Bilirubin is the main pigment in bile and gives stool its color after encountering intestinal bacteria. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the pancreas is correct?

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions. (B) Signup and view all the answers