Digestive System Anatomy and Function

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What is the function of the muscularis mucosa in the alimentary canal?

Promotes mechanical digestion (correct)

Releases hormones

Contains clusters of lymphocytes

Increases chemical exposure

What is the role of the accessory organs in the digestive system?

Help breakdown food (correct)

Produce bile

Secrete hormones

Transport food through the alimentary canal

Why is skeletal muscle present at both ends of the alimentary canal?

To control what enters and exits (correct)

To secrete digestive enzymes

To regulate blood flow to the canal

To increase mechanical digestion

Which layer of the alimentary canal replenishes itself every 3-7 days?

Mucosa (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lamina propria in the alimentary canal?

Contains blood and lymphatic vessels (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the muscularis aid in digestion in the alimentary canal?

Promotes mechanical digestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the parietal cells in the stomach?

Secrete intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for stopping segmentation in the small intestine and initiating peristalsis?

Motilin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of the three phases of gastric secretion?

Cephalic phase, gastric phase, intestinal phase (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the stomach has an additional oblique smooth muscle layer in its muscularis?

Body (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type in the stomach secretes an acidic mucus that is different from mucus produced by goblet cells?

Mucus neck cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of microvilli in the small intestine?

Enhance absorption and finish digestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

How often does the stomach produce a mixing wave during digestion?

Every 20 seconds (A) Signup and view all the answers

What causes deactivation of salivary amylase in the stomach?

Acidity in the stomach (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of villi in the small intestine?

To increase surface area for absorption (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do circular folds influence absorption in the small intestine?

They increase surface area for absorption. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the myenteric plexus?

Controlling contractions of the muscularis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the peritoneum lines the abdominal wall?

Parietal peritoneum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the uvula?

Preventing food from entering the nasopharynx (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the tongue?

Absorption of nutrients (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which salivary gland is responsible for producing the majority of saliva?

Parotid gland (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pharynx?

Both digestion and respiration (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a phase of swallowing (deglutition)?

Gastric phase (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stomach?

Containing food and initiating digestion (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the stomach is NOT true?

Its size correlates with body weight (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the sensation of thirst?

Decreased saliva production (D) Signup and view all the answers