COPY: Digestive System

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What is the primary function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

To store bile from the liver

To break down food into smaller molecules

To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream

To transport food from the throat to the stomach (correct)

What is the term for the muscular movement of the esophagus that helps move food down into the stomach?

Ingestion

Absorption

Peristalsis (correct)

Digestion

In which part of the digestive system does food stay for approximately 4 hours?

Esophagus

Small intestine

Stomach (correct)

Large intestine

What is the function of the villi in the small intestine?

To absorb small nutrient molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which organ produces digestive juices that are added to the small intestine?

Liver and pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the partially digested food that forms in the stomach?

Chyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Cerebrum?

Responsible for voluntary activities of the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate speed at which messages travel through the nerves?

270 mph Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the muscular system?

To facilitate movement Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is found in the digestive tract and blood vessels?

Smooth muscles Signup and view all the answers

How many neurons are present in the human body?

100 billion Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the substance stored in muscles that provides energy?

ATP Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Producing hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the brain controls the opposite side of the body?

Left half of the brain Signup and view all the answers

What happens when muscles are overworked and lack oxygen?

Lactic acid is released, causing muscle ache Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest muscle in the human body?

Gluteus maximus (buttocks) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Endocrine System?

Regulating body activities Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?

Increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about how skeletal muscles work?

They work in opposing pairs to produce movement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lungs in the respiratory system?

Moving air in and out of the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major structure in the excretory system?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?

Enabling the lungs to expand and contract Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen in the process of gas exchange in the lungs?

Moves from the lungs into the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the anus in the digestive system?

Controlling the release of solid wastes from the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormone produced by the thyroid gland?

Controlling appetite and metabolism Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is responsible for producing the hormone estrogen?

Ovary Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thymus gland in the endocrine system?

T-cell development for fighting diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hormone produced by the pineal gland?

Regulating sleep and wake cycles Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aging on hormone production in the body?

The body produces less of some hormones as a person ages Signup and view all the answers

How do hormones reach their target organs in the body?

Through the circulatory system Signup and view all the answers