Digestive and Cardiovascular System Relationships

An accessory organ is a structure that helps a system function, but is not directly part of the system itself.

Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food, like chewing or churning in the stomach, while chemical digestion uses enzymes to break down food molecules. It occurs in the mouth (mechanical and chemical), stomach (mechanical and chemical), and small intestine (mainly chemical).

Food provides organisms with energy and building blocks to create and repair cells and tissues.

<p>The respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. Oxygen is not chemically digested, but is taken in directly by the body's cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monosaccharides (simple sugars), fatty acids, glycerol, amino acids, and nucleotides are absorbed in the small intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes are produced in the pancreas, stomach, and small intestine. They are released into the digestive tract to assist in the chemical breakdown of food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removal of the pancreas would lead to a lack of digestive enzymes crucial for breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. This can result in malabsorption of nutrients, leading to digestive issues, weight loss, and potentially deficiencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All systems in the body work together to maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis). Cellular respiration requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide, both of which are transported through the circulatory and respiratory systems respectively. The digestive system provides the fuel needed for respiration, while the excretory system removes waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mouth and stomach are two organs that help break down food physically. The mouth uses teeth for chewing, while the stomach churns the food with muscular contractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If the digestive system is not working properly, it may not adequately digest and absorb nutrients. This can lead to malabsorption, a condition where the body does not absorb nutrients properly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The small intestine and the large intestine both play a role in nutrient absorption. The small intestine is the primary site for absorption, while the large intestine absorbs water and forms feces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The small intestine has a large surface area due to the presence of folds, villi, and microvilli, which greatly increase the surface area for absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes break down large food molecules into smaller forms, which the body can then easily absorb. This process is crucial for digestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macromolecules are too large to be absorbed directly into the bloodstream. They need to be broken down into smaller subunits by enzymes for efficient absorption by cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Removal of the pancreas would result in a lack of digestive enzymes, leading to impaired digestion and malabsorption of nutrients. This can cause weight loss, digestive problems, and nutrient deficiencies. It's essential for the pancreas to produce hormones that regulate blood sugar levels, making its removal a serious medical condition with far-reaching implications.</p> Signup and view all the answers