10 Questions
Which of the following enzymes begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth?
Amylase
What is the primary function of the esophagus?
To move food from the pharynx to the stomach
What is the approximate pH level of the hydrochloric acid secreted in the stomach?
pH 2
Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?
Secreting amylase to digest carbohydrates
What is the name of the protein-digesting enzyme secreted in the stomach?
Pepsin
Which of the following statements about the digestive process is incorrect?
Mucus secreted in the stomach is primarily responsible for breaking down food particles.
Which of the following is not a function of the tongue during the digestive process?
Initiating peristalsis in the esophagus
If the pH of the hydrochloric acid secreted in the stomach is approximately 2, what is the hydrogen ion concentration $[H^+]$ in moles per liter?
$10^{-2}$ M
Which of the following statements about the digestive enzymes is correct?
Amylase digests carbohydrates, while pepsin digests proteins.
Which of the following is not a function of the stomach during digestion?
Producing bile to emulsify fats
Study Notes
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion in the Mouth
- Teeth grind food into smaller particles to increase the surface area for digestion.
- The tongue positions the food in the mouth to facilitate grinding and mixing with enzymes.
- Salivary glands secrete the enzyme amylase, which begins to break down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.
- The tongue propels food into the pharynx, a muscular tube that moves food into the esophagus.
Mechanical and Chemical Digestion in the Esophagus and Stomach
- The esophagus is a muscular tube that moves food from the pharynx to the stomach through peristalsis, a series of muscular contractions.
- In the stomach, cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining from acidic digestive juices.
- Muscular contractions in the stomach further break down food into smaller particles.
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is secreted in the stomach, breaking down food and denaturing proteins, with a highly acidic pH of around 2.
- The protein-digesting enzyme pepsin is secreted in the stomach, breaking down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids.
Learn about the process of digestion starting from the mouth, where teeth grind food and salivary glands secrete enzymes, to the stomach where food is further digested. Understand how peristalsis helps in moving food from the mouth to the stomach.
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