28 Questions
Which of the following is the main differential diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK)?
Severe hydronephrosis
What is the most common cause of urinary ascites in the fetus?
Rupture of the renal pelvis
Which renal abnormality is associated with an elevated Kidney Circumference to Abdominal Circumference (KC/AC) ratio?
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
Which fetal urinary tract abnormality is characterized by absent anterior abdominal musculature, undescended testes, and urinary tract abnormalities?
Prune Belly Syndrome
What is the most common cause of nonobstructive fetal hydronephrosis?
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
What is the main distinguishing feature between bilateral ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and unilateral UPJ obstruction in fetal sonography?
Bilaterality of the condition
What is the main purpose of vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) in the management of fetal urethral level obstruction?
To relieve back pressure on the urinary tract and prevent renal damage
Which of the following is a distinguishing feature between multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and severe hydronephrosis?
Absence of renal function
What is the most common cause of urinary ascites in the fetus?
Rupture of the renal pelvis
Which renal abnormality is associated with an elevated Kidney Circumference to Abdominal Circumference (KC/AC) ratio?
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
What is the primary goal of vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) in the management of fetal urinary tract obstruction?
To relieve back pressure on the urinary tract
Which fetal urinary tract abnormality is characterized by a dilated urinary bladder with a dilated proximal urethra?
Megacystis
Which one of these is NOT a differential diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK)?
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Which renal abnormality is characterized by absent anterior abdominal musculature, undescended testes, and urinary tract abnormalities?
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
Which one of these is NOT a cause of urinary ascites in the fetus?
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
What is the main purpose of vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) in the management of fetal urinary tract obstruction?
To relieve back pressure on the urinary tract
Which one of these is NOT a distinguishing feature between multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and severe hydronephrosis?
Presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Which fetal urinary tract abnormality is characterized by small subcapsular, cortical cysts associated with evidence of urinary obstruction?
Cystic renal dysplasia (CRD)
What is the most common cause of nonobstructive fetal hydronephrosis?
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Which fetal urinary tract abnormality may cause severe lower urinary obstruction in the 2nd or 3rd trimester of pregnancy resulting in oligohydramnios?
Urethral atresia
In fetal sonography, what does the 'keyhole sign' indicate?
Posterior urethral valves (PUV)
What is the main distinguishing feature between bilateral ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and unilateral UPJ obstruction in fetal sonography?
Bilaterality of the condition
Which autosomal recessive disorder is characterized by infantile polycystic kidney disease, encephalocele, and polydactyly?
Meckel-Gruber syndrome
What is the most common cause of fetal urinary tract rupture leading to urinary ascites?
Posterior urethral valves (PUV)
In fetal sonography, how can you differentiate between hydroureter and obstructed fluid-filled loops of bowel?
Hydroureter is located posteriorly, while bowel loops are more anterior.
Which fetal urinary tract abnormality is characterized by absent anterior abdominal musculature, undescended testes, and urinary tract abnormalities?
Prune Belly Syndrome
What is the main purpose of vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) in the management of fetal urethral level obstruction?
To relieve back pressure on the urinary tract and prevent renal damage.
Which fetal renal neoplasm is characterized as a benign tumor with a good prognosis?
Mesoblastic nephroma
This quiz tests your knowledge on the differential diagnosis of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) and the most common cause of urinary ascites in the fetus. Answer questions related to severe hydronephrosis, bilateral renal agenesis, ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), oligohydramnios, rupture of the renal pelvis, and more. Challenge yourself and learn more about these conditions!
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