Difference Between Computer Science and Software Engineering

Software Engineering Benefits

• Using software engineering methods and techniques can be cheaper in the long run compared to personal programming projects.
• Most costs of software systems come from changing the software after it's gone into use, with an estimated 30% for development and 40% for testing.

Software Process Activities

• Software specification: defining the software to be produced and its functional requirements.
• Software development: designing and programming the software.
• Software validation: checking the software to ensure it meets customer requirements.
• Software evolution: modifying the software to reflect changing customer and market requirements.

General Issues Affecting Software

• Heterogeneity: different devices and systems require software to operate across various networks and devices.
• Business and social change: rapidly changing business and social environments require software to adapt quickly.

Difference Between Software Engineering and Computer Science

• Computer science focuses on theory and fundamentals, while software engineering is concerned with practicalities of developing and delivering useful software.

Difference Between Software Engineering and System Engineering

• Software engineering is part of system engineering, which covers all aspects of computer-based systems development, including hardware, software, and process engineering.

Challenges Facing Software Engineering

• Coping with increasing diversity, demands for reduced delivery times, and developing trustworthy software.

Costs of Software Development

• Roughly 60% of software costs are development costs, 40% are testing costs.
• Evolution costs often exceed development costs for custom software.

Best Software Engineering Techniques and Methods

• Different techniques are appropriate for different types of systems, such as prototyping for games and complete specification for safety-critical control systems.

Code of Ethics for Software Engineers

• Act in the best interests of clients and employers, consistent with the public interest.
• Ensure products meet the highest professional standards.
• Maintain integrity and independence in professional judgment.
• Manage software development and maintenance with an ethical approach.
• Advance the integrity and reputation of the profession.
• Be fair and supportive of colleagues.
• Participate in lifelong learning and promote an ethical approach to the profession.

Ethical Dilemmas

• Disagreement in principle with senior management policies.
• Employer releasing a safety-critical system without completing testing.