Diesel Engine Operation and Principles
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Questions and Answers

What is the total displacement of the 4P10 engine model?

  • 3000 mm
  • 3500 mm
  • 2500 mm
  • 2998 mm (correct)

    • Which specification refers to the type of combustion chamber in the 4P10 engine?

  • Direct injection type (correct)
  • Vortex chamber type
  • Indirect injection type
  • Pre-combustion chamber type

    • What is the maximum torque of the 4P10-T4 engine model?

  • 1500 N*m
  • 1600 N*m
  • 1400 N*m
  • 1350 N*m (correct)

    • What kind of valve mechanism is used in the 4P10 engine models?

    <p>Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which engine model has the highest maximum output?

    <p>4P10 - T6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the compression ratio for the 4P10 engine models?

    <p>17.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which RPM does the 4P10 - T2 model produce its maximum output of 300 kW?

    <p>3050 - 3500</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the bore and stroke measurement for the 4P10 engine model?

    <p>95.8 mm dia * 104 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum output of the 4P10 - T4 engine model?

    <p>430 kW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which engine model has the highest maximum torque?

    <p>4P10 - T6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the compression ratio calculation formula?

    <p>Compression ratio = Combustion chamber volume ÷ Displacement Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what RPM does the 4P10 - T2 model reach its maximum output?

    <p>3050 rpm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measurement unit is used for maximum torque in the engine specifications?

    <p>kgf*m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following models has a maximum output of 300 kW?

    <p>4P10 - T2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maximum torque figure corresponds to the 4P10 - T1 engine model?

    <p>1200 N*m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of calculating the compression ratio in an engine?

    <p>To assess engine performance during combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ignition point of diesel fuel?

    <p>Approximately 250°C or higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the flash point of gasoline is correct?

    <p>It is approximately -40°C or higher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process initiates combustion in a diesel engine?

    <p>Autoignition due to high temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What correctly describes the difference between ignition point and flash point?

    <p>Ignition point is the temperature at which a substance ignites spontaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a gasoline engine control the start of combustion?

    <p>Through spark ignition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the first step in the combustion process of a diesel engine?

    <p>Compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What temperature range typically defines the ignition point of gasoline?

    <p>Approximately 300°C or higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the lowest temperature at which a substance can ignite with an external ignition source?

    <p>Flash point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical compression ratio for diesel engines?

    <p>15 or higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the compression ratio calculated?

    <p>Sum of combustion chamber volume and displacement volume divided by combustion chamber volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What engine layout is commonly referred to as a 'Boxer' engine?

    <p>Horizontally opposed type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compression ratio is appropriate for gasoline engines?

    <p>10 or lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the displacement volume of the 4D34T engine in cc?

    <p>976.4 cc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about compression ratios is true?

    <p>Diesel engines typically require higher compression ratios for ignition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of engine structure, which type does a straight (in-line) engine represent?

    <p>Engine with cylinders arranged in a single line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the compression ratio in internal combustion engines?

    <p>To ensure adequate pressure and temperature for fuel ignition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total rotations does the crankshaft make during one complete cycle of a diesel engine?

    <p>2 rotations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sequence of strokes in the operation of a diesel engine?

    <p>Intake, Compression, Exhaust, Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'top dead center' (TDC) refer to in a diesel engine?

    <p>The highest position of the piston</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stroke does the combustion process occur in a 4-stroke diesel engine?

    <p>Combustion stroke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total angle of rotation of the crankshaft during the intake stroke?

    <p>180°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of a '4-stroke engine'?

    <p>It completes one cycle in four distinct strokes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the exhaust stroke in a diesel engine?

    <p>To expel combustion gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the diesel engine's operation is true?

    <p>The cycle involves two full rotations of the crankshaft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diesel Engine Operation

    • Diesel engines raise the temperature of diesel fuel above its ignition point through compression.
    • Gasoline engines rely on spark ignition to initiate combustion.
    • The combustion process in a diesel engine is a three-step process:
      • Compression: Air is compressed in the cylinder, increasing its temperature.
      • Fuel Injection: Diesel fuel is injected into the hot, compressed air.
      • Autoignition: The heat of the compressed air ignites the diesel fuel, causing combustion.

    Ignition and Flash Points

    • The ignition point is the minimum temperature at which a substance ignites spontaneously.
    • The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance will ignite if an external ignition source is applied.

    Mitsubishi Fuso 4-Cylinder Engine

    • The Mitsubishi Fuso 4-cylinder engine is a four-stroke, in-line, water-cooled diesel engine.
    • It has a compression ratio of 17.5 and a direct injection combustion chamber.
    • The engine lineup includes different models with different power outputs, ranging from 81 kW (110 PS) to 129 kW (175 PS).

    Engine Specifications

    • Maximum Torque: 260 Nm (26.5 kgfm) to 430 Nm (43.8 kgfm)
    • Displacement: 2998 cc (2.998 L)
    • Bore x Stroke: 95.8 mm x 104 mm
    • Valve Mechanism: Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC)

    Engine Power

    • Engine power is the rate at which an engine can do work.
    • It is measured in kilowatts (kW) or horsepower (PS), and is typically indicated at a specific engine speed.

    Engine Torque

    • Engine torque is the twisting force produced by the engine.
    • It is measured in Newton-meters (Nm) or kilogram-force meters (kgfm) and is usually presented at a specific engine speed.

    Engine Layout

    • Diesel engines can have different layouts, including straight (in-line), V-type, and horizontally opposed (Boxer) designs.
    • Straight engines have all cylinders arranged in a single line.
    • V-type engines have cylinders arranged in two banks, forming a “V” shape.
    • Boxer engines have their cylinders horizontally opposed, each cylinder working with a piston on the opposite side of a central crankshaft.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental principles of diesel engine operation, including the three-step combustion process of compression, fuel injection, and autoignition. Learn about ignition and flash points related to diesel and a specific example: the Mitsubishi Fuso 4-cylinder engine. Test your knowledge on these critical concepts in diesel technology.

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