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Questions and Answers
What defines diastereoisomers?
What defines diastereoisomers?
In terms of symmetry, diastereoisomers can be:
In terms of symmetry, diastereoisomers can be:
How many stereogenic centres are present in each diastereoisomer compound?
How many stereogenic centres are present in each diastereoisomer compound?
To convert one enantiomer to another, what needs to be inverted?
To convert one enantiomer to another, what needs to be inverted?
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What is the key difference in converting diastereoisomers compared to enantiomers?
What is the key difference in converting diastereoisomers compared to enantiomers?
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Which type of stereoisomers contain structures that are mirror images of each other?
Which type of stereoisomers contain structures that are mirror images of each other?
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What type of isomers are enantiomers?
What type of isomers are enantiomers?
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If two isomers have the same connectivity but differ in the way the atoms are arranged, what type of isomers are they?
If two isomers have the same connectivity but differ in the way the atoms are arranged, what type of isomers are they?
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Which type of isomers can be interconverted without breaking any bonds?
Which type of isomers can be interconverted without breaking any bonds?
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How do enantiomers differ from diastereoisomers?
How do enantiomers differ from diastereoisomers?
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What is the main difference between conformation and configuration in stereochemistry?
What is the main difference between conformation and configuration in stereochemistry?
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In stereochemistry, what term describes molecules that can easily change their temporary arrangement by rotating around bonds?
In stereochemistry, what term describes molecules that can easily change their temporary arrangement by rotating around bonds?
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What is the main difference between enantiomers and diastereoisomers?
What is the main difference between enantiomers and diastereoisomers?
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How did chemists separate the trans epoxide from the cis epoxide?
How did chemists separate the trans epoxide from the cis epoxide?
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Why were both diastereoisomers racemic mixtures of the two enantiomers?
Why were both diastereoisomers racemic mixtures of the two enantiomers?
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Why was it harder to separate the desired enantiomer of the trans epoxide?
Why was it harder to separate the desired enantiomer of the trans epoxide?
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Which type of stereoisomer is always chiral?
Which type of stereoisomer is always chiral?
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How did chemists obtain only one enantiomer of the trans epoxide?
How did chemists obtain only one enantiomer of the trans epoxide?
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Study Notes
Isomers and Stereoisomers
- Isomers are compounds that contain the same atoms bonded together in different ways.
- Constitutional isomers differ in the connectivity of the atoms.
- Stereoisomers differ in the overall shape of the molecule, but have the same connectivity of atoms.
Enantiomers and Diastereoisomers
- Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other.
- Diastereoisomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images.
- Diastereoisomers can be achiral (have a plane of symmetry) or chiral (have no plane of symmetry).
Conformation and Configuration
- Two stereoisomers have different configurations, which means they cannot be interconverted without breaking a bond.
- Conformations differ only in the temporary way the molecule happens to arrange itself and can be interconverted just by rotating around bonds.
Assigning R and S Labels
- Stereogenic centres are labelled R or S using specific rules.
- Assigning R and S labels correctly is essential for understanding stereochemistry.
Converting Enantiomers and Diastereoisomers
- To go from one enantiomer to another, both stereogenic centres are inverted.
- To go from one diastereoisomer to another, only one of the two stereogenic centres is inverted.
Stereochemistry of Compounds
- When considering the stereochemistry of a compound, always distinguish the diastereoisomers first and then split these into enantiomers if they are chiral.
- Enantiomers have identical physical and chemical properties, making them difficult to separate.
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Description
Explore the concept of diastereoisomers, which are stereoisomers that are not mirror images and differ in relative stereochemistry. Learn about achiral and chiral diastereoisomers and how they can arise with multiple stereogenic centers.
