Diagnostic Tests for Infections

Which of the following is an example of a protein that is most commonly used in immunodiagnostic tests to detect the presence of pathogens?

Antigen

Which method can be used to detect virus growth when culturing viruses?

Looking at the pattern of damage caused to some cell types

Which of the following can be used to determine antibiotic sensitivity?

Culturing bacteria on media

Which method can be used to detect genetic material, specifically DNA?

PCR Signup and view all the answers

Which type of genetic material is mainly detected using reverse transcription and PCR?

RNA Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to detect the size of the PCR product when run out on a gel?

Using specific primers with a dye Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to detect how fast dye is accumulated during PCR?

Multiplexing the PCR Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogens mainly have an RNA genome?

Viruses Signup and view all the answers

Which test is commonly used to detect antibodies in a sample by coating the ELISA plate with the antigen and adding the sample containing the antibody?

Indirect ELISA Signup and view all the answers

Which test is used to detect active infection by capturing IgM antibodies in the sample?

Capture ELISA Signup and view all the answers

Which test can be used to detect antibodies to influenza that may be multispecies, but does not differentiate between species?

Competitive ELISA Signup and view all the answers

Which test can be used to inhibit the agglutination of red blood cells by a virus if the virus is present?

Inhibition test Signup and view all the answers

Which test relies on the ability of antibodies to lyse red blood cells and can determine the presence of antibodies specific for an antigen?

Complement fixation test Signup and view all the answers

Which test is commonly used to detect tuberculosis in animals by injecting tuberculin into the skin and measuring the resulting swelling?

SICCT Signup and view all the answers

Which test measures the production of a chemical in response to tuberculin infection?

Interferon gamma test Signup and view all the answers

What is the sensitivity of the Interferon gamma test for tuberculosis?

90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the specificity of the Interferon gamma test for tuberculosis?

96.5% Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of identifying an animal with tuberculosis?

Severe consequences Signup and view all the answers

What is the most certain way of diagnosing an infection?

Detecting the pathogen (antigen) or detecting the host response to the pathogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using immunodiagnostic tests?

To detect a protein or a part of the protein (antigen) Signup and view all the answers

What is the method used to detect virus growth in culturing viruses?

Observing cytopathic effect or haemagglutination Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of culturing bacteria on media?

To determine antibiotic sensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the method used to detect genetic material, specifically DNA?

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using reverse transcription and PCR?

To detect genetic material, specifically RNA Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogens mainly have an RNA genome?

Viruses Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using lateral flow devices in animal side tests?

Mix sample with diluent and allow it to flow along the test substrate. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how latex agglutination tests work.

Depends on the ability of antibodies - latex beads covered in antibodies and they bind to more than one pathogen particle, leading to cross linking and agglutination. Signup and view all the answers

Why is an indirect ELISA most likely used in the detection of antibodies?

It coats the ELISA plate with the antigen and adds the sample containing the antibody. Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a sandwich or capture ELISA in the detection of IgM antibodies?

It more easily detects IgM and can be used to measure active infection. Signup and view all the answers

How does competitive ELISA work?

The antibody in the sample competes with a labeled antibody to detect antibodies to influenza that may be multispecies. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inhibition in agglutination tests?

It blocks the ability of the virus to bind to the red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how complement fixation works.

It relies on the ability of antibodies to lyse red blood cells and is used to determine the presence of antibodies specific for an antigen. Signup and view all the answers

What are the sensitivity and specificity of the Interferon gamma test for tuberculosis?

Sensitivity of 90% (will miss one positive animal) and specificity of 96.5% (1 false positive in 30 uninfected cattle tested). Signup and view all the answers

Diagnostic Tests for Infections

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a protein that is most commonly used in immunodiagnostic tests to detect the presence of pathogens?

Which method can be used to detect virus growth when culturing viruses?

Which of the following can be used to determine antibiotic sensitivity?

Which method can be used to detect genetic material, specifically DNA?

Which type of genetic material is mainly detected using reverse transcription and PCR?

Which method can be used to detect the size of the PCR product when run out on a gel?

Which method can be used to detect how fast dye is accumulated during PCR?

Which type of pathogens mainly have an RNA genome?

Which test is commonly used to detect antibodies in a sample by coating the ELISA plate with the antigen and adding the sample containing the antibody?

Which test is used to detect active infection by capturing IgM antibodies in the sample?

Which test can be used to detect antibodies to influenza that may be multispecies, but does not differentiate between species?

Which test can be used to inhibit the agglutination of red blood cells by a virus if the virus is present?

Which test relies on the ability of antibodies to lyse red blood cells and can determine the presence of antibodies specific for an antigen?

Which test is commonly used to detect tuberculosis in animals by injecting tuberculin into the skin and measuring the resulting swelling?

Which test measures the production of a chemical in response to tuberculin infection?

What is the sensitivity of the Interferon gamma test for tuberculosis?

What is the specificity of the Interferon gamma test for tuberculosis?

What is the consequence of identifying an animal with tuberculosis?

What is the most certain way of diagnosing an infection?

What is the purpose of using immunodiagnostic tests?

What is the method used to detect virus growth in culturing viruses?

What is the purpose of culturing bacteria on media?

What is the method used to detect genetic material, specifically DNA?

What is the purpose of using reverse transcription and PCR?

Which type of pathogens mainly have an RNA genome?

What is the purpose of using lateral flow devices in animal side tests?

Explain how latex agglutination tests work.

Why is an indirect ELISA most likely used in the detection of antibodies?

What is the advantage of using a sandwich or capture ELISA in the detection of IgM antibodies?

How does competitive ELISA work?

What is the purpose of inhibition in agglutination tests?

Explain how complement fixation works.

What are the sensitivity and specificity of the Interferon gamma test for tuberculosis?

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