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Questions and Answers
Which diagnostic imaging technique is commonly used to demonstrate ductal morphology of the salivary gland?
Which diagnostic imaging technique is commonly used to demonstrate ductal morphology of the salivary gland?
What is the main purpose of diagnostic imaging in salivary gland disease?
What is the main purpose of diagnostic imaging in salivary gland disease?
Which clinical category of salivary gland disease includes sialoliths, trauma, infection, or space-occupying lesions such as neoplasia?
Which clinical category of salivary gland disease includes sialoliths, trauma, infection, or space-occupying lesions such as neoplasia?
What clinical signs and symptoms are associated with salivary gland disease?
What clinical signs and symptoms are associated with salivary gland disease?
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Which imaging modality is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain?
Which imaging modality is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain?
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What is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics?
What is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics?
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Which imaging modality is used to visualize echo-free masses with well-defined margins, representing cystic lesions in the parotid gland?
Which imaging modality is used to visualize echo-free masses with well-defined margins, representing cystic lesions in the parotid gland?
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What is the preferred imaging modality for imaging benign salivary gland neoplasms, especially in the submandibular gland, due to its superior soft tissue contrast resolution?
What is the preferred imaging modality for imaging benign salivary gland neoplasms, especially in the submandibular gland, due to its superior soft tissue contrast resolution?
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What can Sjögren syndrome present with on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland?
What can Sjögren syndrome present with on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland?
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What may be visualized with phleboliths and well-defined margins on sialography, CT, and MRI, and are benign neoplasms of proliferating endothelial cells?
What may be visualized with phleboliths and well-defined margins on sialography, CT, and MRI, and are benign neoplasms of proliferating endothelial cells?
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What do malignant tumors in the parotid gland often present with on imaging?
What do malignant tumors in the parotid gland often present with on imaging?
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What can CT imaging reveal in malignant tumors replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma?
What can CT imaging reveal in malignant tumors replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma?
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What may ultrasound show in malignant tumors, as seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland?
What may ultrasound show in malignant tumors, as seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland?
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Why is it difficult to determine malignancy in some cases based on the radiographic features of malignant tumors?
Why is it difficult to determine malignancy in some cases based on the radiographic features of malignant tumors?
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Which imaging technique is the only one suitable for functional analysis of salivary glands?
Which imaging technique is the only one suitable for functional analysis of salivary glands?
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What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialolithiasis on sialography?
What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialolithiasis on sialography?
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Which imaging technique provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT for salivary gland masses?
Which imaging technique provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT for salivary gland masses?
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What is the main purpose of sialography procedure?
What is the main purpose of sialography procedure?
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Which imaging technique is useful in evaluating structures adjacent to salivary glands and in assessing acute inflammatory processes, abscesses, cysts, mucoceles, and neoplasms?
Which imaging technique is useful in evaluating structures adjacent to salivary glands and in assessing acute inflammatory processes, abscesses, cysts, mucoceles, and neoplasms?
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What is the normal appearance for sialogram?
What is the normal appearance for sialogram?
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Which condition presents with a characteristic 'sausage-string' appearance on sialography?
Which condition presents with a characteristic 'sausage-string' appearance on sialography?
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What is the radiographic feature of sialolithiasis?
What is the radiographic feature of sialolithiasis?
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Which imaging technique helps in differentiating solid masses from cystic ones in the salivary glands?
Which imaging technique helps in differentiating solid masses from cystic ones in the salivary glands?
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What is the main contraindication for sialography?
What is the main contraindication for sialography?
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Which imaging technique is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses?
Which imaging technique is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses?
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What is the main purpose of scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate?
What is the main purpose of scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate?
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Which imaging modality is most suitable for evaluating acute inflammatory processes, abscesses, cysts, mucoceles, and neoplasms adjacent to the salivary glands?
Which imaging modality is most suitable for evaluating acute inflammatory processes, abscesses, cysts, mucoceles, and neoplasms adjacent to the salivary glands?
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What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialolithiasis on sialography?
What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialolithiasis on sialography?
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What is the main contraindication for sialography?
What is the main contraindication for sialography?
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What is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics?
What is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics?
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Which imaging modality is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain?
Which imaging modality is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain?
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What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialadenosis?
What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialadenosis?
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What may be visualized with phleboliths and well-defined margins on sialography, CT, and MRI, and are benign neoplasms of proliferating endothelial cells?
What may be visualized with phleboliths and well-defined margins on sialography, CT, and MRI, and are benign neoplasms of proliferating endothelial cells?
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What can CT imaging reveal in malignant tumors replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma?
What can CT imaging reveal in malignant tumors replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma?
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Which imaging technique is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses?
Which imaging technique is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses?
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What is the main purpose of scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate?
What is the main purpose of scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate?
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What is the normal appearance for sialogram?
What is the normal appearance for sialogram?
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What is the preferred imaging modality for imaging benign salivary gland neoplasms, especially in the submandibular gland, due to its superior soft tissue contrast resolution?
What is the preferred imaging modality for imaging benign salivary gland neoplasms, especially in the submandibular gland, due to its superior soft tissue contrast resolution?
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Which imaging technique provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT for salivary gland masses?
Which imaging technique provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT for salivary gland masses?
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What can Sjögren syndrome present with on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland?
What can Sjögren syndrome present with on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland?
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What do malignant tumors in the parotid gland often present with on imaging?
What do malignant tumors in the parotid gland often present with on imaging?
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What is the main contraindication for sialography?
What is the main contraindication for sialography?
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Which diagnostic imaging technique is commonly used to demonstrate ductal morphology of the salivary gland?
Which diagnostic imaging technique is commonly used to demonstrate ductal morphology of the salivary gland?
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What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialolithiasis on sialography?
What is the characteristic radiographic appearance of sialolithiasis on sialography?
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Which imaging modality is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain?
Which imaging modality is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain?
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What is the main contraindication for sialography?
What is the main contraindication for sialography?
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Which imaging technique is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses?
Which imaging technique is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses?
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What is the main purpose of scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate?
What is the main purpose of scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate?
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Which imaging technique provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT for salivary gland masses?
Which imaging technique provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT for salivary gland masses?
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What may ultrasound show in malignant tumors, as seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland?
What may ultrasound show in malignant tumors, as seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland?
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What can CT imaging reveal in malignant tumors replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma?
What can CT imaging reveal in malignant tumors replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma?
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What is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics?
What is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics?
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What can Sjögren syndrome present with on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland?
What can Sjögren syndrome present with on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland?
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Study Notes
Diagnostic Imaging Techniques for Salivary Gland Disorders
- Diagnostic imaging techniques for salivary gland disorders include plain film radiography, sialography, MRI, CT, ultrasound, and scintigraphy.
- Sialography is a radiographic technique using a contrast agent to image the ductal system of salivary glands, providing detailed visualization of the ductal morphology.
- Sialography procedure involves three phases: preoperative, filling, and emptying, and aims to opacify the ductal system all the way to the acini.
- Normal appearance for sialogram is described as "tree limbs," with no area of the gland devoid of ducts.
- Sialography is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses, with contraindications including acute infection and known sensitivity to iodine-containing compounds.
- Scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate provides a functional study of the salivary glands and is the only technique for functional analysis of salivary glands.
- CT is useful in evaluating structures in and adjacent to salivary glands, displaying soft and hard tissues and useful in assessing acute inflammatory processes, abscesses, cysts, mucoceles, and neoplasms.
- MRI provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT, demonstrating the margins of salivary gland masses, internal structures, and regional extension of lesions into adjacent tissues/spaces.
- Ultrasonography helps in differentiating solid masses from cystic ones in the salivary glands.
- Sialolithiasis is the formation of calcified obstructions within the salivary duct, with radiographic features varying based on degree of calcification and shape, and sialography being helpful in locating undetectable obstructions.
- Sialodochitis is the inflammation of the ductal system of the salivary glands, with a characteristic "sausage-string" appearance on sialography.
- Bacterial sialadenitis is an acute or chronic bacterial infection of the terminal acini or parenchyma of the salivary glands.
Salivary Gland Disorders and Diagnostic Imaging
- Sialography is contraindicated in acute infections due to the risk of contrast agent extravasation and severe pain.
- Sialography is useful for diagnosing and staging autoimmune disorders, showing punctate and globular collections of contrast agent in early stages, progressing to irregularly shaped cavitary sialectases as the disease advances.
- Sialadenosis is a nonneoplastic, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid salivary glands, commonly found in diabetics and alcoholics.
- Cystic lesions in the parotid gland may be congenital, lymphoepithelial, dermoid, or acquired, and are visualized through sialography and ultrasound.
- Ultrasound is used to visualize echo-free masses with well-defined margins, representing cystic lesions in the parotid gland.
- MRI is the preferred modality for imaging benign salivary gland neoplasms, especially in the submandibular gland, due to its superior soft tissue contrast resolution.
- Sjögren syndrome can present with a "ball-in-hand" appearance on sialography, indicative of a space-occupying mass in the parotid gland.
- Hemangiomas, benign neoplasms of proliferating endothelial cells, may be visualized with phleboliths and well-defined margins on sialography, CT, and MRI.
- Malignant tumors in the parotid gland account for about 20% of cases and can be challenging to differentiate from benign tumors, often presenting with ill-defined margins and invasion of adjacent soft tissues on imaging.
- CT imaging can reveal an ill-defined tumor replacing the parotid gland, indicative of adenocarcinoma.
- Ultrasound may show a heterogeneous hypoechoic pattern in malignant tumors, as seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the submandibular gland.
- The radiographic features of malignant tumors vary based on grade, aggressiveness, location, and type of tumor, making it difficult to determine malignancy in some cases.
Diagnostic Imaging Techniques for Salivary Gland Disorders
- Diagnostic imaging techniques for salivary gland disorders include plain film radiography, sialography, MRI, CT, ultrasound, and scintigraphy.
- Sialography is a radiographic technique using a contrast agent to image the ductal system of salivary glands, providing detailed visualization of the ductal morphology.
- Sialography procedure involves three phases: preoperative, filling, and emptying, and aims to opacify the ductal system all the way to the acini.
- Normal appearance for sialogram is described as "tree limbs," with no area of the gland devoid of ducts.
- Sialography is indicated for evaluating chronic inflammatory diseases and ductal pathoses, with contraindications including acute infection and known sensitivity to iodine-containing compounds.
- Scintigraphy using 99m Technetium (Tc)-pertechnetate provides a functional study of the salivary glands and is the only technique for functional analysis of salivary glands.
- CT is useful in evaluating structures in and adjacent to salivary glands, displaying soft and hard tissues and useful in assessing acute inflammatory processes, abscesses, cysts, mucoceles, and neoplasms.
- MRI provides better images of soft tissue structures than CT, demonstrating the margins of salivary gland masses, internal structures, and regional extension of lesions into adjacent tissues/spaces.
- Ultrasonography helps in differentiating solid masses from cystic ones in the salivary glands.
- Sialolithiasis is the formation of calcified obstructions within the salivary duct, with radiographic features varying based on degree of calcification and shape, and sialography being helpful in locating undetectable obstructions.
- Sialodochitis is the inflammation of the ductal system of the salivary glands, with a characteristic "sausage-string" appearance on sialography.
- Bacterial sialadenitis is an acute or chronic bacterial infection of the terminal acini or parenchyma of the salivary glands.
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Description
Test your knowledge of diagnostic imaging techniques for salivary gland disorders with this quiz. Explore the role of sialography, MRI, CT, ultrasound, and scintigraphy in evaluating conditions such as sialolithiasis, sialodochitis, and bacterial sialadenitis.
