3 - Diagnostic Accuracy in Clinical Laboratories

What is indicated by a high sensitivity in a diagnostic test?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of a 'gold standard' in diagnostic accuracy assessment?

In the context of a 2x2 truth table used in diagnostic accuracy, what does a 'False Positive' (FP) represent?

What distinguishes diagnostic accuracy from diagnostic precision?

According to the information, what is the primary reason for the potential repetition of tests in clinical laboratories?

What factors can influence reference values in clinical chemistry?

How is overall accuracy calculated?

What is the primary reason for using well-defined references in studies?

Why is the material of the sample collection container a critical consideration?

Which timeline consideration is most critical for arterial blood gas tests?

Prior to 1993, which aspect of reference value studies was notably lacking?

According to the 1993 CLSI and IFCC guidelines, what is the key distinction between healthy reference values and patient reference values?

What is the primary purpose of establishing reference values in laboratory medicine?

Which factor is LEAST likely to influence reference intervals?

What is a specific example of an environmental factor influencing reference values?

Why might international reference ranges not always be directly applicable to all individuals?

What was a previous term that was used for reference values?

When was the term 'reference values' most notably used?

In what aspect of laboratory medicine does the term 'reference values' aid?

What is NOT a valid reason for why different populations need different reference ranges?

Where should the term 'reference values' be used?

What is one of the benefits of the term 'reference values'?

What does a higher Positive Predictive Value (PPV) indicate?

If a test's Negative Predictive Value (NPV) is low, what is the most likely implication?

A laboratory decreases the significant figures reported for a test result. Which type of error is most likely to increase?

Decreasing the significant figures reported for a test result will primarily affect which measure?

A new diagnostic test initially demonstrates high accuracy in a controlled clinical trial. What is most likely to happen as the test is used more broadly across a larger population?

What is the most appropriate criteria for lab result value determination?

Consider a diagnostic test where increasing the cut-off value to determine a positive result leads to fewer false positives. What is the most likely tradeoff?

In the context of diagnostic testing, what does 'reference range' primarily indicate?

What is the relationship between false negatives and sensitivity?

A test's accuracy will change primarily due to what?

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating accuracy?

If a test has a high sensitivity, what does this indicate?

A screening test for a contagious disease needs to have a high...

In a diagnostic test, what does a 'true positive' result indicate?

In the sample problem, what does the value '8' represent in the 'No Disease' column and 'Positive' row?

A new diagnostic test for a rare disease demonstrates high sensitivity. What is a likely implication of this?

What would be the 'total' number of people who returned a positive test result for Hepatitis B virus?

A clinic is deciding between two tests for a highly contagious respiratory virus. Test A has a sensitivity of 95%, and Test B has a sensitivity of 80%. Which test would be more suitable for initial screening, and why?

In the context of diagnostic accuracy, what does the term 'gold standard' refer to?