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Questions and Answers
The ______ sign of pregnancy is the cardinal sign of early pregnancy.
The ______ sign of pregnancy is the cardinal sign of early pregnancy.
Amenorrhea
Which of these is considered a symptom of early pregnancy?
Which of these is considered a symptom of early pregnancy?
The most common cause of tubal pregnancy is chronic salpingitis.
The most common cause of tubal pregnancy is chronic salpingitis.
True
What is the name of the physical sign of pregnancy where the cervix is soft and feels like the tip of a nose?
What is the name of the physical sign of pregnancy where the cervix is soft and feels like the tip of a nose?
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During which month does the second breast areola typically appear in pregnancy?
During which month does the second breast areola typically appear in pregnancy?
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Which of these is a possible cause of false positive urinary pregnancy test?
Which of these is a possible cause of false positive urinary pregnancy test?
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What is the name of the sign of pregnancy that involves the uterus being flexible at the uterocervical junction?
What is the name of the sign of pregnancy that involves the uterus being flexible at the uterocervical junction?
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Which of the following is a "sure sign" of pregnancy?
Which of the following is a "sure sign" of pregnancy?
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The term "quickening" refers to the sensation of fetal movement.
The term "quickening" refers to the sensation of fetal movement.
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What is the name of the facial pigmentation often seen in pregnancy, characterized by darkened patches on the cheeks?
What is the name of the facial pigmentation often seen in pregnancy, characterized by darkened patches on the cheeks?
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Striae gravidarum are stretch marks that typically appear in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Striae gravidarum are stretch marks that typically appear in the first trimester of pregnancy.
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Which of the following is a sign of a previous child birth?
Which of the following is a sign of a previous child birth?
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What is the term for the soft blowing murmur that is synchronous with the maternal pulse, often heard in the uterus during pregnancy?
What is the term for the soft blowing murmur that is synchronous with the maternal pulse, often heard in the uterus during pregnancy?
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What is the term for the feeling of life that is felt as the fetus moves within the amniotic fluid?
What is the term for the feeling of life that is felt as the fetus moves within the amniotic fluid?
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The term "antenatal care" refers to the medical supervision of pregnant women only during the first trimester.
The term "antenatal care" refers to the medical supervision of pregnant women only during the first trimester.
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Which of the following is NOT a recognized objective of antenatal care?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized objective of antenatal care?
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What is the term used to describe the term pregnancy that is considered as retrospectively normal?
What is the term used to describe the term pregnancy that is considered as retrospectively normal?
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The first antenatal visit should not be deferred beyond the ______ missed period.
The first antenatal visit should not be deferred beyond the ______ missed period.
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What is the term used to describe a pregnancy that has an increased risk of complications?
What is the term used to describe a pregnancy that has an increased risk of complications?
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Which of the following factors can contribute to a high-risk pregnancy?
Which of the following factors can contribute to a high-risk pregnancy?
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Cervical pregnancy is a type of ectopic pregnancy where the fertilized egg implants in the cervix.
Cervical pregnancy is a type of ectopic pregnancy where the fertilized egg implants in the cervix.
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Which of these is NOT a common site for an extra-uterine pregnancy?
Which of these is NOT a common site for an extra-uterine pregnancy?
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Study Notes
Diagnosis of Pregnancy
-
First Trimester Symptoms (First 12 Weeks):
- Amenorrhea: Cessation of menstruation, a key indicator but not a sure sign.
- Breast Changes: Heavier, tender, enlarged breasts with possible tingling and colostrum production.
- Morning Sickness: Nausea and vomiting, often in the early morning, affects around 50% of pregnancies and is more intense in some pregnancies. It typically resolves within 12 weeks.
- Urinary Symptoms: Increased frequency of urination, especially in the first three months, decreasing after that and increasing again towards the end of pregnancy due to uterine pressure.
-
Second Trimester (13-28 weeks):
- Symptoms: Presumptive symptoms become more noticeable as fetal movement is perceived.
- Fetal Signs: Ballottement (feeling of the fetus rebounding when pressed), fetal movement (quickening), and fetal heart sounds.
Mode Changes
- Fatigability, sleepiness, depression, irritability, and insomnia
- Mild uterine cramping/discomfort without bleeding
- Abdominal bloating, constipation, and heartburn
- Nasal congestion and shortness of breath
- Top four symptoms: urinary frequency, tiredness, poor sleep, and back pain.
- Pregnancy-related lightheadedness (should disappear when she lies on left side)
Genital Signs
- Vulva (sometimes soft and violet): Jaque-Mier sign
- Vagina (soft, warm, violet): Chadwick's sign
- Cervix (enlarged, soft by 6th week, violet): Goodell sign
- Uterus: Enlarges and softens (size increase by approx 1cm/week after 4 weeks). Shape changes from pear-like to globular.
- Other indications: Palmer sign (bimanual exam, 4-8 weeks), Hegar sign (softening of the body of the uterus), Ladin's sign (softening of the uterus), McDonald's sign (flexible uterocervical junction, 7-8 weeks), von Ferwald's sign (irregular softening of uterine fundus), Klug's sign (appearance of varicose veins in the vagina), Piskacek's sign (asymmetrical enlargement).
- 2nd month: Increasing pigmentation of nipple and areola.
Investigations
- Pregnancy tests: Based on detection of the hCG antigen in maternal urine or serum. ELISA, RIA, and IRMA tests are used.
High Risk Pregnancy
- Risk factors include socio-economic status, maternal age (too young or too old), and existing medical conditions like diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, or thyroid disorders.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the symptoms of pregnancy during the first and second trimesters. This quiz covers key indicators such as amenorrhea, breast changes, morning sickness, and fetal signs. Understand the changes that occur as pregnancy progresses and their implications.
