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Questions and Answers
What is the primary method for diagnosing Gonorrhoea?
What is the primary method for diagnosing Gonorrhoea?
- Bacterial culture on Thayer-Martin plates (correct)
- Thompson's test (two-glass test)
- Urethral swabs with Gram's stain
- Serologic tests
What is NOT a routine method for diagnosing Gonorrhoea?
What is NOT a routine method for diagnosing Gonorrhoea?
- Urethral swabs with Gram's stain
- Serologic tests (correct)
- Bacterial culture on Thayer-Martin plates
- Thompson's test (two-glass test)
What is the primary purpose of the Thompson's test?
What is the primary purpose of the Thompson's test?
- To perform bacterial culture
- To perform Gram's stain
- To detect PCR
- To diagnose Gonorrhoea (correct)
What type of plates are used for bacterial culture in Gonorrhoea diagnosis?
What type of plates are used for bacterial culture in Gonorrhoea diagnosis?
What is performed on urethral secretion in Gonorrhoea diagnosis?
What is performed on urethral secretion in Gonorrhoea diagnosis?
What is the onset pattern for Gonococcal urethritis?
What is the onset pattern for Gonococcal urethritis?
What type of discharge is typically associated with Nongonococcal urethritis?
What type of discharge is typically associated with Nongonococcal urethritis?
Which of the following treatments is recommended for Gonococcal urethritis?
Which of the following treatments is recommended for Gonococcal urethritis?
Which diagnostic result is typical for Gonococcal urethritis on a gram stain of discharge?
Which diagnostic result is typical for Gonococcal urethritis on a gram stain of discharge?
What is the relapse rate for Nongonococcal urethritis?
What is the relapse rate for Nongonococcal urethritis?
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Study Notes
Diagnosis of Gonorrhoea
- Urethral swabs are used for diagnosis, and a Gram's stain is performed on the secretion.
- Bacterial culture is considered the "gold standard" for diagnosis, which is performed on Thayer-Martin plates.
- Thompson's test, also known as the two-glass test, is another method used for diagnosis.
- PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is also used for diagnosis.
- Serologic tests are not routinely used for diagnosis of Gonorrhoea.
Nongonococcal vs Gonococcal Urethritis
- Incubation period (I.P.) for Gonococcal Urethritis (GU) is 3-5 days, while for Nongonococcal Urethritis (NGU) it is 1-4 weeks.
Symptoms
- GU symptoms have an abrupt onset, whereas NGU symptoms develop gradually.
- Dysuria in GU is characterized by a burning sensation, whereas in NGU it is a smart feeling.
- Discharge in GU is purulent, while in NGU it is mucoid or purulent.
Gram Stain
- Gram stain of GU discharge reveals gram-negative intracellular diplococci.
- Gram stain of NGU discharge shows polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Treatment
- GU treatment involves a single dose of:
- Cefixime 400mg PO
- Ceftriaxone 125mg IM
- Ciprofloxacin 500mg
- Levofloxacin 250mg PO
- Spectinomycin 2g IM
- NGU treatment involves:
- Azithromycin 1gm in a single dose
- Doxycycline 100mg twice a day for 7 days
Relapse Rate
- Relapse rate for GU is low.
- Relapse rate for NGU is high.
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