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What is the primary method for diagnosing Gonorrhoea?
What is NOT a routine method for diagnosing Gonorrhoea?
What is the primary purpose of the Thompson's test?
What type of plates are used for bacterial culture in Gonorrhoea diagnosis?
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What is performed on urethral secretion in Gonorrhoea diagnosis?
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What is the onset pattern for Gonococcal urethritis?
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What type of discharge is typically associated with Nongonococcal urethritis?
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Which of the following treatments is recommended for Gonococcal urethritis?
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Which diagnostic result is typical for Gonococcal urethritis on a gram stain of discharge?
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What is the relapse rate for Nongonococcal urethritis?
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Study Notes
Diagnosis of Gonorrhoea
- Urethral swabs are used for diagnosis, and a Gram's stain is performed on the secretion.
- Bacterial culture is considered the "gold standard" for diagnosis, which is performed on Thayer-Martin plates.
- Thompson's test, also known as the two-glass test, is another method used for diagnosis.
- PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is also used for diagnosis.
- Serologic tests are not routinely used for diagnosis of Gonorrhoea.
Nongonococcal vs Gonococcal Urethritis
- Incubation period (I.P.) for Gonococcal Urethritis (GU) is 3-5 days, while for Nongonococcal Urethritis (NGU) it is 1-4 weeks.
Symptoms
- GU symptoms have an abrupt onset, whereas NGU symptoms develop gradually.
- Dysuria in GU is characterized by a burning sensation, whereas in NGU it is a smart feeling.
- Discharge in GU is purulent, while in NGU it is mucoid or purulent.
Gram Stain
- Gram stain of GU discharge reveals gram-negative intracellular diplococci.
- Gram stain of NGU discharge shows polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Treatment
- GU treatment involves a single dose of:
- Cefixime 400mg PO
- Ceftriaxone 125mg IM
- Ciprofloxacin 500mg
- Levofloxacin 250mg PO
- Spectinomycin 2g IM
- NGU treatment involves:
- Azithromycin 1gm in a single dose
- Doxycycline 100mg twice a day for 7 days
Relapse Rate
- Relapse rate for GU is low.
- Relapse rate for NGU is high.
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Description
This quiz covers the diagnosis of Gonorrhoea, including the use of Gram's stain, bacterial culture, Thompson's test, and PCR. It also discusses the limitations of serologic tests.
