Diagnosing and Managing Symptoms in a 23-Year-Old Male
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of a chronic cough in children?

  • Pertussis
  • Viral URI
  • Acid reflux
  • Post-infectious cough (correct)

Which of the following is a symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

  • Chest pain
  • Hoarseness
  • Productive cough (correct)
  • Weight loss

What is the etiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

  • Overeating
  • Foreign body
  • Smoking
  • Increased stomach acidity (correct)

Which of the following is a possible cause of an acute cough?

<p>Post-infectious cough (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomy of the chest and thorax that corresponds to the thoracentesis landmark?

<p>Interspace T7-8 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

<p>Chest pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom experienced by the patient in the text?

<p>Urinary incontinence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cough?

<p>To force out irritants from the throat or airways (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the doctor diagnose the patient with last year?

<p>Asthma flare-up (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is NOT mentioned by the patient?

<p>Nasal congestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can prolonged, vigorous coughing cause?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an irritant stimulates nerves in the throat or airways?

<p>The brain signals the muscles to push air out of the lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane in the bronchial tubes and typically causes bronchospasm and coughing?

<p>Bronchitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by the filling of air sacs in the lungs with pus, resulting in solidification of the lungs?

<p>Pneumonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a reversible respiratory condition involving bronchial hyperresponsiveness, inflammatory mediators, increased airway secretions, and bronchoconstriction?

<p>Asthma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with bronchitis?

<p>Chest pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with pneumonia?

<p>Cough (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lung sound is characterized by intermittent, non-musical crackling sounds that do not clear with coughing?

<p>Fine crackles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lung sound is characterized by squeaking or grating sounds of the pleural linings rubbing together?

<p>Pleural friction rub (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is the result of repeated exposure of the esophagus to stomach acid and is diagnosed in people with long-term GERD?

<p>Barrett's esophagus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom did Mr. Wright experience before his fall?

<p>Lightheadedness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Mr. Wright's age?

<p>70 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is poorly controlled in Mr. Wright?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Mr. Wright's concern regarding his fall?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of seizures in infants?

<p>Genetic factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of seizures in adults?

<p>Stroke (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing pulmonary embolism?

<p>Obesity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of pulmonary embolism?

<p>Thrombus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a precipitating factor for seizures?

<p>Stress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of seizure affects a single area of the brain?

<p>Partial (Focal) Seizures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of seizure can be mistaken for fainting?

<p>Atonic Seizures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic testing can be done to evaluate seizures?

<p>Electroencephalogram (EEG) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of collapse?

<p>Alcohol intoxication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of syncope?

<p>Vasovagal syncope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of syncope?

<p>Flushed appearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if someone is observed in a state of syncope?

<p>Set them down gently in the supine position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of vasovagal syncope?

<p>Blurred vision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of syncope?

<p>Vasovagal syncope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a precipitating factor for vasovagal syncope?

<p>Hypercholesterolemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the etiology of cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs)?

<p>Ischemic or hemorrhagic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms did Mr. Wright experience before his fall?

<p>Dizziness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of Mr. Wright's fall?

<p>Orthostatic hypotension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is poorly controlled in Mr. Wright?

<p>Systolic hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Mr. Wright's concern regarding his fall?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common trigger for vasovagal syncope?

<p>Alcohol intoxication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of syncope?

<p>Bradycardia and peripheral vasodilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of collapse?

<p>Neurogenic shock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of seizures?

<p>Loss of consciousness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible precipitating factor for seizures?

<p>Stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an electroencephalogram (EEG)?

<p>To test the electrical impulses of the brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of seizure is characterized by a blank stare and no postictal confusion?

<p>Absence seizure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can prolonged, vigorous coughing cause?

<p>Musculoskeletal injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing pulmonary embolism?

<p>Infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of seizures in infants?

<p>Genetic factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom commonly associated with syncope?

<p>Chest pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom NOT commonly associated with seizures?

<p>Tachypnea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of vasovagal syncope?

<p>Decreased cardiac output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?

<p>Muffled heart sounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing a stroke?

<p>Hypercholesterolemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of cardiac syncope?

<p>Ventricular tachycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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