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Diabetes Types and Pathophysiology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between Type I and Type II diabetes?

Type I can occur at any age, while Type II usually occurs in children.

Type I is caused by insulin resistance, while Type II is caused by autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

Type I is characterized by gradual loss of insulin secretion, while Type II is caused by genetic factors.

Type I is an autoimmune destruction of beta cells, while Type II involves a relative deficiency in endogenous insulin due to increased insulin resistance. (correct)

Which cell type is involved in the autoimmune destruction in Type I diabetes?

Alpha cells

Gamma cells

Delta cells

Beta cells (correct)

What is insulitis in the context of diabetes pathophysiology?

Chronic inflammation in response to autoimmune destruction of islet cells (correct)

The initiation of insulin production by beta cells

A condition where the pancreas becomes inflamed

The destruction of alpha cells by autoantibodies

Which hormone-producing cells play a role in diabetes?

Alpha cells, beta cells, delta cells Signup and view all the answers

What are some risk factors associated with Type I diabetes?

Genetic factors, environmental influences, and age Signup and view all the answers

How does diabetes management typically monitor the condition?

Monitoring hemoglobin (A1C), lipid profile, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio Signup and view all the answers

What are some risk factors for Type II diabetes?

Strong family history, age over 45, and race/ethnicity Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test confirms the presence of diabetes based on symptoms and casual plasma glucose concentration?

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication commonly associated with Type I diabetes that involves excess sugar in urine?

Glycosuria Signup and view all the answers

How does insulin resistance contribute to the pathophysiology of Type II diabetes?

Results in a relative deficiency of endogenous insulin despite increased production by beta cells Signup and view all the answers