Podcast
Questions and Answers
What primarily causes Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
What primarily causes Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Which of the following statements about Amylin in Type 1 DM is true?
Which of the following statements about Amylin in Type 1 DM is true?
What percentage of diabetes cases does Type 2 DM represent?
What percentage of diabetes cases does Type 2 DM represent?
In Type 2 DM, what is primarily responsible for impaired insulin secretion over time?
In Type 2 DM, what is primarily responsible for impaired insulin secretion over time?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic feature of insulin resistance in Type 2 DM?
What is a characteristic feature of insulin resistance in Type 2 DM?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
- Accounts for 5-10% of cases.
- Characterized by the pancreas's inability to produce insulin.
- Primarily caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells.
- Results in an absolute insulin deficiency.
- Can affect individuals of any age but is common in children and adolescents.
- Amylin, a hormone co-secreted with insulin, is also deficient.
- Amylin's roles include suppressing inappropriate glucagon secretion, slowing gastric emptying, and inducing central satiety.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
- Accounts for 90-95% of cases.
- Typically diagnosed in individuals aged 45 years or older.
- Key feature is insulin resistance, characterized by:
- Excessive hepatic glucose production.
- Reduced skeletal muscle glucose uptake.
- Increased lipolysis and fatty acid production.
- Progressive decline in beta-cell mass and function leads to impaired insulin secretion over time.
- Reduced incretin effects (GLP-1 and GIP) further contribute to the condition.
- Gut incretin hormones normally stimulate insulin secretion and suppress glucagon release in response to meals.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the key differences between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This quiz covers their characteristics, causes, and impacts on individuals. Perfect for students studying endocrinology or healthcare professionals.
