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Diabetes Mellitus General Characteristics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is considered the greatest risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

Lack of exercise
Age
Obesity (correct)
Genetics

How does obesity exacerbate insulin resistance?

Obesity increases the production of glucose in the liver.
Obesity increases the production of insulin in the pancreas.
Obesity reduces glucose uptake by muscles. (correct)
Obesity decreases insulin production in the pancreas.

Why does hyperglycemia develop in type 2 diabetic patients?

The muscles become more sensitive to insulin, reducing glucose uptake.
Free fatty acids fail to stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, so compensation does not occur. (correct)
The liver increases the production of glucose in response to free fatty acids.
The pancreas secretes less insulin in response to free fatty acids.

What is the difference between the dawn phenomenon and the Somogyi effect?

The dawn phenomenon is caused by an increase in nocturnal growth hormone secretion, while the Somogyi effect is a rebound response to nocturnal hypoglycemia. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can a healthcare provider distinguish between the dawn phenomenon and the Somogyi effect in a patient with morning hyperglycemia?

Check the patient's glucose level at 3:00 am. If it is elevated, the patient has the dawn phenomenon; if it is low, the patient has the Somogyi effect. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the classification of diabetes mellitus is correct?

Type I DM is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, while Type II DM is characterized by normal to high insulin levels initially. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the pathogenesis of type I diabetes mellitus?

It is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mediates the destruction of β-cells in genetically susceptible individuals exposed to an environmental trigger. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic lipid profile associated with insulin resistance and poorly controlled diabetes?

Hypertriglyceridemia with HDL depletion. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance is correct?

All of the above statements are correct. (D) Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of β-cell destruction does overt Type 1 diabetes mellitus appear?

When approximately 90% of β-cells are destroyed. (B) Signup and view all the answers

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