10 Questions
What is considered the greatest risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
Obesity
How does obesity exacerbate insulin resistance?
Obesity reduces glucose uptake by muscles.
Why does hyperglycemia develop in type 2 diabetic patients?
Free fatty acids fail to stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion, so compensation does not occur.
What is the difference between the dawn phenomenon and the Somogyi effect?
The dawn phenomenon is caused by an increase in nocturnal growth hormone secretion, while the Somogyi effect is a rebound response to nocturnal hypoglycemia.
How can a healthcare provider distinguish between the dawn phenomenon and the Somogyi effect in a patient with morning hyperglycemia?
Check the patient's glucose level at 3:00 am. If it is elevated, the patient has the dawn phenomenon; if it is low, the patient has the Somogyi effect.
Which of the following statements about the classification of diabetes mellitus is correct?
Type I DM is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, while Type II DM is characterized by normal to high insulin levels initially.
Which of the following statements best describes the pathogenesis of type I diabetes mellitus?
It is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mediates the destruction of β-cells in genetically susceptible individuals exposed to an environmental trigger.
What is the characteristic lipid profile associated with insulin resistance and poorly controlled diabetes?
Hypertriglyceridemia with HDL depletion.
Which of the following statements regarding impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance is correct?
All of the above statements are correct.
At what stage of β-cell destruction does overt Type 1 diabetes mellitus appear?
When approximately 90% of β-cells are destroyed.
Test your knowledge on the general characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus, including its classification into Type I and Type II. Learn about the different insulin requirements and onset age for each type of diabetes.
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