18 Questions
What is the primary stimulus for the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in response to changes in osmolality?
Increased osmolality
How does a decrease in osmolality affect the thirst mechanism?
Suppresses the thirst center
Which system primarily responds to a decreased blood volume by secreting renin?
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone system
What effect does angiotensin II have on blood pressure?
Increases blood pressure
How does increased osmolality affect water reabsorption at the collecting duct?
Increases water reabsorption
What is the role of aldosterone in response to decreased blood volume?
Increases Na+ retention
What is the consequence of vasopressin deficiency?
Diabetes insipidus
Which type of Diabetes Insipidus is characterized by impairment of ADH secretion?
Cranial (neurogenic, central) Diabetes Insipidus
Which condition can cause Cranial Diabetes Insipidus?
Trauma or head injury
What is a common cause of acquired Diabetes Insipidus?
Infection
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing Diabetes Insipidus?
Consuming electrolyte-rich diet
What effect does ADH deficiency have on blood osmolality?
Increases blood osmolality
What is the ideal Urine/Plasma Osmolality ratio during an overnight water deprivation test to confirm Diabetes Insipidus?
1.5
Which condition can lead to Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) due to pathologic ADH excess?
Pulmonary disease
Which of the following drugs is NOT associated with causing Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) due to its CNS effects?
Antipyretics
In differentiating Central Diabetes Insipidus (DI) from Nephrogenic DI, what happens to urine osmolality after administering desamino-d-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) in patients with Central DI?
Increase in urine osmolality
Which of the following is a common cause of pathologic ADH excess leading to Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?
Leukemia
What feature in the blood is typically observed in patients with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)?
Hyponatremia
Learn about the importance of regular monitoring of potassium levels to prevent hypokalemia and understand the different types of Diabetes Insipidus (DI) including Cranial (Neurogenic, Central) DI. Explore the symptoms, causes, and mechanisms involving antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in DI.
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